A cooperative strategy for optimizing vehicle relocations and staff movements in cities where several carsharing companies operate simultaneously

Carsharing has become a popular travel mode owing to its convenience of use, easy parking, and low cost of using a car by those who only need it occasionally. However, because of the inadequate location of carsharing stations (station-based systems) or vehicles (free-floating systems), effectively requiring expensive and complex relocation...

Relocating operational and damaged bikes in free-floating systems: A data-driven modeling framework for level of service enhancement

Free-floating bike sharing is an innovative and sustainable travel mode, where shared bikes can be picked up and returned at any proper place on the streets and not just at docking stations. Nevertheless, in these systems, two major problems arise. One is the imbalance of free-floating shared bikes (FFSB) between zones due to one-way trips,...

Material-structure integrated design optimization of GFRP bridge deck on steel girder

Design optimization of fiber-reinforced polymeric (FRP) composite products is essential to facilitate their applications in engineering structures. For bridge structures, the main design optimization goals are the reduction of FRP material consumption and the structure weight, which aim to reduce the initial construction cost and achieve a...