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Khosropanah, P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Laauwen, W.M. (author), Hajenius, M. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)We have studied the sensitivity of a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer mixer integrated with a spiral antenna at 4.3?THz. Using hot/cold blackbody loads and a beam splitter all in vacuum, we measured a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 1300?K at the optimum local oscillator (LO) power of 330?nW, which is about 12 times the...journal article 2007
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Hajenius, M. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Hovenier, J.N. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Barbieri, S. (author), Dhillon, S. (author), Filloux, P. (author), Sirtori, C. (author), Ritchie, D.A. (author), Beere, H.E. (author)We characterize a heterodyne receiver based on a surface-plasmon waveguide quantum cascade laser (QCL) emitting at 2.84 THz as a local oscillator, and an NbN hot electron bolometer as a mixer. We find that the envelope of the far-field pattern of the QCL is diffraction-limited and superimposed onto interference fringes, which are similar to...journal article 2008
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Khosropanah, P. (author), Zhang, W. (author), Hovenier, J.N. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Amanti, M.I. (author), Scalari, G. (author), Faist, J. (author)We report a heterodyne receiver using a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) integrated with a tight winding spiral antenna as mixer and a distributed feedback (DFB) terahertz quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating at 3.42 THz as local oscillator. The aim is to demonstrate the readiness of both devices for the detection of OH lines at...journal article 2008
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Khosropanah, P. (author), Baryshev, A. (author), Zhang, W. (author), Jellema, W. (author), Hovenier, J.N. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Paveliev, D.G. (author), Williams, B.S. (author), Kumar, S. (author), Hu, Q. (author), Reno, J.L. (author), Klein, B. (author), Hesler, J.L. (author)We demonstrate the phase locking of a 2.7 THz metal–metal waveguide quantum cascade laser (QCL) to an external microwave signal. The reference is the 15th harmonic, generated by a semiconductor superlattice nonlinear device, of a signal at 182 GHz, which itself is generated by a multiplier chain (x12) from a microwave synthesizer at ~15 GHz....journal article 2009
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Zhang, W. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Kollberg, E.L. (author), Yngvesson, K.S. (author), Bansal, T. (author), Barends, R. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)We have measured the noise temperature of a single, sensitive superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer in a frequency range from 1.6 to 5.3 THz, using a setup with all the key components in vacuum. By analyzing the measured receiver noise temperature using a quantum noise (QN) model for HEB mixers, we confirm the effect of QN. The...journal article 2010
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Zhang, W. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Bansal, T. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Miao, W. (author), Shi, S.C. (author)We report the measured sensitivities of a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) heterodyne receiver at 5.25 THz. Terahertz (THz) radiation is quasioptically coupled to a HEB mixer with a lens and a spiral antenna. Using a measurement setup with black body calibration sources and a beam splitter in vacuo, and an antireflection coated...journal article 2010
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Audley, M.D. (author), De Lange, G. (author), Ferrari, L. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Hijmering, R.A. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Lindeman, M. (author), Ridder, M.L. (author)We have constructed a test facility for characterizing the focal plane arrays of SAFARI, the far-infrared imaging spectrometer for the SPICA satellite. SAFARI’s three bolometer arrays are populated with extremely sensitive (NEP ? 2 × 10?19 W/? Hz) transition edge sensors with a transition temperature close to 100 mK. The extreme sensitivity and...journal article 2012
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Khosropanah, P. (author), Hijmering, R.A. (author), Ridder, M. (author), Lindeman, M.A. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Bruijn, M. (author), Van der Kuur, J. (author), de Korte, P.A.J. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Hoevers, H. (author)Transition edge sensors (TES) are the chosen detector technology for the SAFARI imaging spectrometer on the SPICA telescope. The TES are required to have an NEP of 2–3 × 10?19 W/? Hz to take full advantage of the cooled mirror. SRON has developed TiAu TES bolometers for the short wavelength band (30–60 ?m). The TES are on SiN membranes, in which...journal article 2012
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Hijmering, R.A. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Ridder, M. (author), Lindeman, M. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Bruijn, M. (author), Van der Kuur, J. (author), De Korte, P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Hoervers, H. (author), Jackson, B. (author)At the Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON) we are developing Transition Edge Sensors (TES) bolometers for the SAFARI Imaging Spectrometer on the SPICA telescope. With the current design of the SPICA telescope a background magnetic field of about a Gauss with fluctuations of a couple percent is expected. The effect of this external...journal article 2012
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Gottardi, L. (author), Bruijn, M. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Den Hartog, R. (author), Hijmering, R. (author), Hoevers, H. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), De Korte, P. (author), Van der Kuur, J. (author), Lindeman, M. (author), Ridder, M. (author)SRON is developing the Frequency Domain Multiplexing (FDM) read-out and the ultra low NEP TES bolometers array for the infra-red spectrometer SAFARI on board of the Japanese space mission SPICA. The FDM prototype of the instrument requires critical and complex optimizations. For single pixel characterization under AC bias we are developing a...journal article 2012
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Lindeman, M.A. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Hijmering, R.A. (author), Ridder, M. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Bruijn, M. (author), Van der Kuur, J. (author), De Korte, P.A.J. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Hoevers, H. (author)Transition-edge-sensor (TES) bolometers are the chosen detector technology for the SAFARI Imaging Spectrometer on the SPICA telescope. For this mission, SRON is developing bolometers, each consisting of a TiAu TES that is weakly coupled to the thermal bath through thin legs of silicon nitride. In order to understand and optimize the bolometer...journal article 2012
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Audley, Michael D. (author), De Lange, Gert (author), Gao, J.R. (author), Khosropanah, Pourya (author), Hijmering, Richard (author), Ridder, Marcel (author), Mauskopf, Philip D. (author), Morozov, Dmitry (author), Trappe, Neil A. (author), Doherty, Stephen (author)The next generation of far infrared space observatories will require extremely sensitive detectors that can be realized only by combining extremely low intrinsic noise with high optical efficiency. We have measured the broad-band optical response of ultra-sensitive transtion edge sensor (TES) bolometers (NEP ≈ 2 aW / Hz) in the 30-60-μm band...journal article 2016
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Development of a Ti/Au TES Microcalorimeter Array as a Backup Sensor for the Athena/X-IFU InstrumentNagayoshi, K. (author), Ridder, M. L. (author), Bruijn, M. P. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Taralli, E. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Akamatsu, H. (author), Visser, S. (author), Gao, J.R. (author)We are developing a transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array based on a Ti/Au superconducting bilayer, as a backup option for the X-IFU instrument on the Athena X-ray observatory. The array is read out by a frequency-division multiplexing readout system using a 1–5 MHz frequency band. Extensive research collaborations between NASA...journal article 2019
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Taralli, E. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Nagayoshi, K. (author), Ridder, M. L. (author), Bruijn, M. P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author)The next generation of Far-infrared and X-ray space observatories will require detector arrays with thousands of transition edge sensor (TES) pixel. It is extremely important to have a tool that is able to characterize all the pixels and that can give a clear picture of the performance of the devices. In particular, we refer to those aspects...journal article 2019
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Taralli, E. (author), Pobes, C. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Fabrega, L. (author), Camón, A. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Nagayoshi, K. (author), Ridder, M.L. (author), Bruijn, M. P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author)Transition-edge sensors (TESs) are used as very sensitive thermometers in microcalorimeters aimed at detection of different wavelengths. In particular, for soft X-ray astrophysics, science goals require very high-resolution microcalorimeters which can be achieved with TESs coupled to suitable absorbers. For many applications, there is also...journal article 2020
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Ridder, M. L. (author), Nagayoshi, K. (author), Bruijn, M. P. (author), Gottardi, L. (author), Taralli, E. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Akamatsu, H. (author), van der Kuur, J. (author), Ravensberg, K. (author), Visser, S. (author), Nieuwenhuizen, A. C.T. (author), Gao, J.R. (author), den Herder, J. W. (author)Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) are highly sensitive detectors. Based on the outstanding performance on spectral resolution, the X-ray integral field unit (X-IFU) instrument on-board athena will be equipped with a large array of TES-based microcalorimeters. For optimal performance in terms of the energy resolution, it is...journal article 2020
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Wang, Qian (author), Audley, Michael D. (author), Khosropanah, Pourya (author), van der Kuur, Jan (author), de Lange, Gert (author), Aminaei, Amin (author), Boersma, Dick (author), van der Tak, Floris (author), Gao, J.R. (author)The SPICA-SAFARI instrument requires extremely sensitive transition edge sensor (TES) arrays with a noise equivalent power of 2×10-19W/Hz and a readout system with an output noise that is dominated by the detector noise. It is essential to ensure the frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) readout system in SAFARI meets the noise requirement. The...journal article 2020
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Wang, Q. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Van Der Kuur, J. (author), de Lange, G. (author), Audley, M. D. (author), Aminaei, A. (author), Ridder, M.L. (author), Van Der Linden, A. J. (author), Bruijn, M. P. (author), Gao, J.R. (author)We demonstrate multiplexing readout of 60 transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers operating at 90 mK using a frequency division multiplexing readout chain with bias frequencies ranging from 1 to 3.5 MHz and with a typical frequency spacing of 32 kHz. The readout chain starts with a two-stage SQUID amplifier and has a noise level of 9.5 pA/ Hz...journal article 2021
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Wang, Q. (author), Khosropanah, P. (author), Van Der Kuur, J. (author), de Lange, G. (author), Audley, M. D. (author), Aminaei, A. (author), Ilyas, S. (author), van der Tak, F.M. (author), Gao, J.R. (author)We demonstrate multiplexed readout of 43 transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers operating at 90 mK using a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) readout chain with bias frequencies ranging from 1 to 3.5 MHz and a typical frequency spacing of 32 kHz. We improve the previously reported performance of our FDM system by two important steps....journal article 2022