CCTR: Calibrating Trajectory Prediction for Uncertainty-Aware Motion Planning in Autonomous Driving

Autonomous driving systems rely on precise trajectory prediction for safe and efficient motion planning. Despite considerable efforts to enhance prediction accuracy, inherent uncertainties persist due to data noise and incomplete observations. Many strategies entail formalizing prediction outcomes into distributions and utilizing variance to...

An agent-based resilience model of oil tank farms exposed to earthquakes

Frequent unpredictable earthquake disasters such as the Turkey Earthquake in 2023 pose an increasing threat to oil tank farms since they may trigger major accidents and domino effects, resulting in casualties, economic losses, and environmental pollution. Unpredictable earthquakes are definitely difficult to prevent and thus resilience...

Data Science Education: The Signal Processing Perspective [SP Education]

In the last decade, the signal processing (SP) community has witnessed a paradigm shift from model-based to data-driven methods. Machine learning (ML) - more specifically, deep learning - methodologies are nowadays widely used in all SP fields, e.g., audio, speech, image, video, multimedia, and multimodal/multisensor processing, to name a few...

Livelihood Capital Effects on Famers’ Strategy Choices in Flood-Prone Areas: A Study in Rural China

The global climate change has resulted in huge flood damages, which seriously hinders the sustainable development of rural economy and society and causes famers’ livelihood problems. In flood-prone areas, it is imperative to actively study short and long-term strategies and solve farmers’ livelihood problems accordingly. Following the...

Stability Evaluation of Concrete Structure Considering the Local Damage Using Nondestructive Detection and Numerical Analysis

Shield tunneling is one of the most important technologies for building of underground engineering. Many grouting holes were prefabricated for the requirement of backfill grouting, which is easy to induce local damages and potential disasters, such as leakage and cracking. Accordingly, an integrated workflow for damage detection and stability...

Analysis of local damages effect on mechanical responses of underwater shield tunnel via field testing and numerical simulation

The investigation of concrete structural performance is crucial to maintain the stability of infrastructure. In order to assess structural stability, this work focuses on the development of an integrated framework to detect damaged conditions in the field and analyze their effect on mechanical performance through nondestructive testing (NDT)...

On cohesive element parameters and delamination modelling

The cohesive element (CE) has been widely used to model delamination in laminated composites. The penalty stiffness, interfacial strength and fracture toughness are three CE parameters that often determine the accuracy of the numerical analysis by finite elements (FEs). The fracture toughness may be experimentally determined through standard...

Adaptive floating node method for modelling cohesive fracture of composite materials

The cohesive element has been widely employed to model delamination and matrix cracking in composite materials. However, an extremely fine mesh along the potential crack path is required to achieve accurate predictions of stresses within the cohesive zone. A sufficient number of cohesive elements must be present within the cohesive zone ahead...

A Front-End ASIC With High-Voltage Transmit Switching and Receive Digitization for 3-D Forward-Looking Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging

This paper presents an area- and power-efficient application-specified integrated circuit (ASIC) for 3-D forward-looking intravascular ultrasound imaging. The ASIC is intended to be mounted at the tip of a catheter, and has a circular active area with a diameter of 1.5 mm on the top of which a 2-D array of piezoelectric transducer elements is...

A 2D Ultrasound Transducer with Front-End ASIC and Low Cable Count for 3D Forward-Looking Intravascular Imaging: Performance and Characterization

Intravascular ultrasound is an imaging modality used to visualize atherosclerosis from within the inner lumen of human arteries. Complex lesions like chronic total occlusions require forward-looking intravascular ultrasound (FL-IVUS), instead of the conventional side-looking geometry. Volumetric imaging can be achieved with 2D array...

A separable cohesive element for modelling coupled failure in laminated composite materials

A three-dimensional separable cohesive element (SCE) is proposed to enable the modelling of interaction between matrix cracking and interfacial delamination in laminated fibre-reinforced composite materials. It is demonstrated that traditional cohesive elements are incapable of modelling the coupled failure mechanisms accurately if...

A Pitch-Matched Front-End ASIC With Integrated Subarray Beamforming ADC for Miniature 3-D Ultrasound Probes

This paper presents a front-end application-specified integrated circuit (ASIC) integrated with a 2-D PZT matrix transducer that enables in-probe digitization with acceptable power dissipation for the next-generation endoscopic and catheter-based 3-D ultrasound imaging systems. To achieve power-efficient massively parallel analog-to-digital...

Risk Factors and Consequences of Cortical Thickness in an Asian Population

Cortical thickness has been suggested to be one of the most important markers of cortical atrophy. In this study, we examined potential risk factors of cortical thickness and its association with cognition in an elderly Asian population from Singapore. This is a cross-sectional study among 572 Chinese and Malay patients from the ongoing...