Revealing the effects of laser beam shaping on melt pool behaviour in conduction-mode laser melting

Laser beam shaping offers remarkable possibilities to control and optimise process stability and tailor material properties and structure in laser-based welding and additive manufacturing. However, little is known about the influence of laser beam shaping on the complex melt-pool behaviour, solidified melt-track bead profile and...

Directed energy deposition of Invar 36 alloy using cold wire pulsed gas tungsten arc welding: Effect of heat input on the microstructure and functional behaviour

Invar alloys exhibit low thermal expansion and are useful in applications requiring dimensional stability when subject to temperature changes. Conventional production of Invar faces certain challenges that can be offset by exploiting additive manufacturing processes. This study employed pulsed gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to deposit Invar...

Fabrication of low thermal expansion Fe–Ni alloys by in-situ alloying using twin-wire arc additive manufacturing

The binary Fe–Ni system offers alloys with notably low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), contingent upon their Ni content. In this respect twin-wire arc additive manufacturing (T-WAAM) presents the opportunity of in-situ alloying through the simultaneous feeding of two metal wires into a weld pool to obtain desired alloy...