Growth media in anaerobic fermentative processes: The underestimated potential of thermophilic fermentation and anaerobic digestion

Fermentation and anaerobic digestion of organic waste and wastewater is broadly studied and applied. Despite widely available results and data for these processes, comparison of the generated results in literature is difficult. Not only due to the used variety of process conditions, but also because of the many different growth media that are...

Improving the Back Surface Field on an Amorphous Silicon Carbide Thin Film Photocathode for Solar Water Splitting

Amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) is a promising material for photoelectrochemical water splitting owing to its relatively small band-gap energy and high chemical and optoelectrical stability. This work studies the interplay between charge-carrier separation and collection, and their injection into the electrolyte, when modifying the...

The emotional dimensions of energy projects: Anger, fear, joy and pride about the first hydrogen fuel station in the Netherlands

Citizens’ emotional responses to energy technology projects influence the success of the technology's implementation. Contrary to popular belief, these emotions can have a systematic base. Bringing together insights from appraisal theory and from technology acceptance studies, this study develops and tests hypotheses regarding antecedents of...

Fuel cell electric vehicle-to-grid: Experimental feasibility and operational performance as balancing power plant

The world's future energy supply will include intermittent renewable sources, such as solar and wind power. To guarantee reliability of supply, fast-reacting, dispatchable and renewable back-up power plants are required. One promising alternative is parked and grid-connected hydrogen-powered fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) in "Vehicle-to...

Reduction kinetics of hematite powder in hydrogen atmosphere at moderate temperatures

Hydrogen has received much attention in the development of direct reduction of iron ores because hydrogen metallurgy is one of the effective methods to reduce CO₂ emission in the iron and steel industry. In this study, the kinetic mechanism of reduction of hematite particles was studied in a hydrogen atmosphere. The phases and...

Integrating a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle with vehicle-to-grid technology, photovoltaic power and a residential building

This paper presents the results of a demonstration project, including building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar panels, a residential building and a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) for combined mobility and power generation, aiming to achieve a net zero-energy residential building target. The experiment was conducted as part of...

Fuel cell electric vehicles & hydrogen balancing national 100% renewable integrated transport & energy systems: A scenario analysis for the year 2050

reement, adopted by virtually all 195 countries of the United Nations, is a binding deal with targets to keep global warming of the earth beneath 2∘C, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 by at least 80% compared to 1990. These targets require significant reductions in energy consumption and switch to carbon free renewable energy...

Reaction conditions effect and pathways in the oxidative steam reforming of raw bio-oil on a Rh/CeO₂-ZrO₂ catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor

A reaction scheme has been proposed for the oxidative steam reforming (OSR) of raw bio-oil on a Rh/CeO₂-ZrO₂ catalyst, based on the study of the effect reaction conditions (temperature, space time, oxygen/carbon ratio and steam/carbon ratio) have on product yields (H₂, CO, CO₂, CH₄,...

Min-max control of fuel-cell-car-based smart energy systems

Recently, the idea of using fuel cell vehicles as the future way of producing electricity has emerged. A fuel cell car has all the necessary devices on board to convert the chemical energy of hydrogen into electricity. This paper considers a scenario where a parking lot for fuel cell cars acts as a virtual power plant. In order to describe the...

Conceptual Design of an industrial-scale artificial leaf device: PDEng - Chemical Product Design; Individual Design Project - Final Report

Hydrogen, if produced from clean and abundant sources, has the potential for solving the concerns on energy supply security, climate change and local air pollution. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting is a promising technology under development for the production of hydrogen from water by using sunlight. This design project aims to...

The production of hydrogen from domestic organic waste by means of biological conversion

The selection of a Platformer Off Gas purification technology and design of a purification unit to increase a Distillate HydroCracker troughput, combined with a LPG recovery section

A quantitative analysis of hydrogen-induced cracking

Internal hydrogen embrittlement, stress corrosion cracking and external hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steel are analysed. They are found to have lattice decohesion as a common source.