Water and Vapor Transport in Algal‐Fungal Lichen: Modeling constrained by Laboratory Experiments, an application for Flavoparmelia caperata

Algal-fungal symbionts share water, nutrients, and gases via an architecture unique to lichens. Because lichen activity is controlled by moisture dynamics, understanding water transport is prerequisite to understand their fundamental biology. We propose a model of water distributions within foliose lichens governed by laws of fluid motion....

The Design of A Synchromodal Freight Transport System

In the current situation, although there are advantages of intermodal freight transport, the performance of intermodal freight transport (IFT) is not good. The market share of IFT is low compared with single-mode road transport. It is necessary to analyze the current operation of IFT system and apply the concept of synchromodal transport to...