Giant negative magnetoresistance driven by spin-orbit coupling at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface

The LaAlO3=SrTiO3 interface hosts a two-dimensional electron system that is unusually sensitive to the application of an in-plane magnetic field. Low-temperature experiments have revealed a giant negative magnetoresistance (dropping by 70%), attributed to a magnetic-field induced transition between interacting phases of conduction electrons with...

Emergence of Massless Dirac Fermions in Graphene’s Hofstadter Butterfly at Switches of the Quantum Hall Phase Connectivity

The fractal spectrum of magnetic minibands (Hofstadter butterfly), induced by the moiré superlattice of graphene on a hexagonal crystal substrate, is known to exhibit gapped Dirac cones. We show that the gap can be closed by slightly misaligning the substrate, producing a hierarchy of conical singularities (Dirac points) in the band structure at...

Robust optimization for ship conceptual design

The p-Ge terahertz laser-properties under pulsed- and mode-locked operation