Bayesian inference for deep excavations

In the Observational method Ab Initio approach observational feedback is used to optimize a structural design to field conditions that are found to be uncertain in the design phase. As a deep excavation takes place, the supporting retaining wall deflections can be observed by inclinometers which serve as an extra source of information on the...

Evaluation of InSAR data for measuring the surface settlement during shield tunnel construction of the North-South Line in Amsterdam

This paper investigates the use of InSAR data during shield tunnel construction when short-term settlements occur within a few days. Additionally, the long-term settlement, which occur over several years, in the vicinity of these tunnels are evaluated with inSAR. The North-South Line in Amsterdam is used as a case study for this research. We...

Systematic assessment of damage to buildings due to groundwater lowering-induced subsidence: Methodology for large scale application in the Netherlands

In the Netherlands, subsidence of peat and clay soils due to (artificial) lowering of the groundwater table and loading of soft soils is commonplace, causing extensive damage to exposed and vulnerable assets. Awareness of subsidence-related damage to buildings has recently increased in the Netherlands, particularly after reported damages due...

Reliability of InSAR satellite monitoring of buildings near inner city quay walls

Amsterdam currently has a huge task of assessing and potentially upgrading its quay walls along the historic canals. Before replacement can take place, Amsterdam needs to determine the potential impact the replacement can have on the nearby buildings. The rate of vertical deformation of the adjacent buildings is used as indicator of potential...

Empirical fragility curves for settlement-affected buildings: Analysis of different intensity parameters for seven hundred masonry buildings in The Netherlands

The analysis and prediction of damage to buildings resting on highly compressible fine-grained “soft soils” containing (organic) clay and peat are key issues to be addressed for a proper management of subsidence-affected urban areas. Among the probabilistic approaches suggested in literature, those oriented to the generation of empirical...

Cone penetration testing in thinly inter-layered soils

The effect of a soft layer on the cone resistance of a sand layer has been studied extensively, but the same cannot be said for the case of multi-layered deposits with many (thin) alternating soil layers. For geotechnical analyses based on cone penetration test data it is difficult to estimate a representative value of the cone resistance...

Learning from case studies and monitoring of Dutch tunnel projects

Individuals and project-based organisations in the construction industry can learn in a (more) systematic way from case studies and the monitoring of underground construction works. Underground construction projects such as tunnels and excavations suffer as much or more from failure costs compared to other parts of the construction industry,...

An integrated shear-wave velocity model for the Groningen gas field, The Netherlands

A regional shear-wave velocity (V_S) model has been developed for the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands as the basis for seismic microzonation of an area of more than 1000 km². The V_S model, extending to a depth of almost 1 km, is an essential input to the modelling of hazard and risk due to induced...

Case Studies and Monitoring of Deep Excavations

Several case histories from Dutch underground deep excavation projects are presented in this paper, including the lessons learned and the learning processes involved. The focus of the paper is on how the learning takes places and how it is documented. It is necessary to learn in a systematic and active way from real and on-going projects because...

Building damage related to Amsterdam subway: Comparison of traditional monitoring with satellite monitoring results

This paper describes the evaluation of the monitoring data obtained from the construction of the North/South Line, a new subway line crossing the historic center of Amsterdam. During construction of the line (2003-2014), building deformations were monitored with Robotic Total Stations and with Precise leveling. This paper describes a summary of...

Pile-soil interaction and settlement effects induced by deep excavations

Deformations and damage to buildings adjacent to deep excavations in soft soils

The objective of this study is to gain insight into mechanisms of soil-structure interaction for buildings adjacent to deep excavations and to find a reliable method to design and monitor deep excavations in urban areas with soft soil conditions. The research focuses on typical Dutch conditions. The main questions are: How can we predict the...

Integraal ontwerp leidingen en riolen: Grondmechanische randvoorwaarden