Improving rowing performance by adjusting oar blade size and angle

The principal aim of the work presented here is to investigate and demonstrate that a forward tilted rowing blade would result in a more efficient and effective motion of the blade through the water that would result in a higher boat speed when an equal input power is provided. A 1:5 scaled rowing boat is used to determine the performance of...

A generic approach to parameterize the turbulent energy of single-epoch atmospheric delays from InSAR time-series

The observed phase in time series of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) products is a superposition of various components. Differential topography, line-of-sight displacements, and differential atmospheric delays are the main contributions and need to be disentangled to derive accurate digital elevation model (DEM), deformation,...

Estimating Single-Epoch Integrated Atmospheric Refractivity from InSAR for Assimilation in Numerical Weather Models

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are used to predict the weather based on current observations in combination with physical and mathematical models. Yet, they are limited by the spatial density and the accuracy of the available observations. Satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) is known to be extremely sensitive to the 3D...

Estimating instantaneous sea-ice dynamics from space using the bi-static radar measurements of Earth Explorer 10 candidate Harmony

This article describes the observation techniques and suggests processing methods to estimate dynamical sea-ice parameters from data of the Earth Explorer 10 candidate Harmony. The two Harmony satellites will fly in a reconfigurable formation with Sentinel-1D. Both will be equipped with a multi-angle thermal infrared sensor and a passive...

Towards assimilation of InSAR data in operational weather models

InSAR signal delays due to the varying atmospheric refractivity are a potential data source to improve weathermodels [1]. Especially with the launch of the new Sentinel-1 satellites, which increases data coverage, latency andaccessibility, it may become possible to operationalize the assimilation of differential integrated refractivity (DIR...

Assimilation of InSAR-derived Atmospheric Data in Operational Weather Models

The influence of signal delay due to the varying atmospheric refractivity can be significant in individual interferograms. This signal is generally considered to be noise in deformation studies, but it can also potentially be used to improve weather models [1]. This application has an enormous potential, because, contrary to deformation studies,...

Doris 5 and Event-Triggered InSAR Processing

Predicting the ungauged basin: Model validation and realism assessment

The hydrological decade on Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB) led to many new insights in model development, calibration strategies, data acquisition and uncertainty analysis. Due to a limited amount of published studies on genuinely ungauged basins, model validation and realism assessment of model outcome has not been discussed to a great...

Identifying water mass depletion in northern Iraq observed by GRACE

Observations acquired by Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission indicate a mass loss of 146 ± 6 mm equivalent water height (EWH) in northern Iraq between 2007 and 2009. These data are used as an independent validation of lake mass variations and a rainfall-runoff model, which is based on local geology and climate conditions....

Identifying water mass depletion in Northern Iraq observed by GRACE

Observations acquired by Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission indicate a mass loss of 31 ± 3 km3 or 130 ± 14 mm in Northern Iraq between 2007 and 2009. This data is used as an independent validation of a hydrologic model of the region including lake mass variations. We developed a rainfall–runoff model for five tributaries of...

Observing groundwater depletion in Northern Iraq from space: A comparitive study between catchment hydrology and the GRACE satellite mission

Mass changes derived from GRACE satellite data indicate that there is a large water mass loss in Northern Iraq between 2006 and 2009. In the same period Northern Iraq suffered a severe drought , which is likely to be the main driving factor behind those water mass losses. But where does this mass change exactly come from? Is it groundwater or...