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van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), van Oosterom, S.J.M. (author), Liu, Haicheng (author), Thompson, R.J. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), Verbree, E. (author)Point clouds contain high detail and high accuracy geometry representation of the scanned Earth surface parts. To manage the huge amount of data, the point clouds are traditionally organized on location and map-scale; e.g. in an octree structure, where top-levels of the tree contain few points suitable for small scale overviews and lower...journal article 2022
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Diaz, Vitali (author), Liu, H. (author), van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Baart, F. (author), Pronk, M.J. (author), Van Lankveld, T. (author)Point cloud is made up of a multitude of three-dimensional (3D) points with one or more attributes attached. Point cloud is the third data paradigm in addition to the well-established object (vector) and gridded (raster) representations, since point cloud data can be directly collected, computed, stored, and analyzed without converting to other...conference paper 2022
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Andreo, Guilherme Spinoza (author), Dardavesis, Ioannis (author), Jong, Michiel de (author), Kumar, Pratyush (author), Prihanggo, Maundri (author), Triantafyllou, Georgios (author), van der Vaart, C.G. (author), Verbree, E. (author)Indoor localisation methods are an essential part for the management of COVID-19 restrictions, social distancing, and the flow of people in the indoor environment. Moving towards an open work space in this scenario requires effective real-time localisation services and tools, along with a comprehensive understanding of the 3D indoor space. This...conference paper 2021
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Liu, Zhenyu (author), Fu, Runnan (author), Wang, Linjun (author), Jin, Yuzhen (author), Papakostas, Theodoros (author), Mainelli, Xenia Una (author), Voûte, R.L. (author), Verbree, E. (author)Because unknown interior layouts can have serious consequences in time-sensitive situations, crisis response teams request many potential solutions for visualizing indoor environments in crisis scenarios. This research uses a game engine to directly visualize point cloud data input of indoor environments for generating clear interaction between...conference paper 2021
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Creating 3d indoor first responder situation awareness in real-time through a head-mounted ar deviceSmit, Bart Peter (author), Voûte, R.L. (author), Verbree, E. (author)Emergency operations are a key example for the need of digital twins in the way it is complex, urgent and uncertain. First, the process is complex, as many organizations are involved. Second, it is urgent, as most damage is done in the first moments of an emergency. Third, it is uncertain, as situational conditions tend to change quickly. For...journal article 2021
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Apra, I. (author), Bachert, C. (author), Cáceres Tocora, C. (author), Veselý, O. (author), Verbree, E. (author)In guiding the energy transition efforts towards renewable energy sources, 3D city models were shown to be useful tools when assessing the annual solar energy generation potential of urban landscapes. However, the simplified roof geometry included in these 3D city models and the lack of additional semantic information about the buildings'...journal article 2021
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Zhang, Guan ting (author), Verbree, E. (author), Wang, Xiao jun (author)Sustainable development can only be achieved with an innovative improvement from the way we currently analyze, design, build and manage our urban spaces. Current digital analysis and design methods for cities, such as visibility analysis, deeply rely on mapping and modeling techniques. However, most methods fall short of depicting the real...journal article 2021
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Lumban-Gaol, Y. A. (author), Chen, Z. (author), Smit, M. (author), Li, X. (author), Erbaşu, M. A. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Balado Frías, J. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), van der Vaart, C.G. (author)Point cloud data have rich semantic representations and can benefit various applications towards a digital twin. However, they are unordered and anisotropically distributed, thus being unsuitable for a typical Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to handle. With the advance of deep learning, several neural networks claim to have solved the...journal article 2021
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Balado Frías, J. (author), González, E. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Díaz-Vilarino, L. (author), Lorenzo, H. (author)Occlusions accompany serious problems that reduce the applicability of numerous algorithms. The aim of this work is to detect and characterize urban ground gaps based on occluding object. The point clouds for input have been acquired with Mobile Laser Scanning and have been previously segmented into ground, buildings and objects, which have...journal article 2020
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Liu, H. (author), van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), Guan, Xuefeng (author), Verbree, E. (author), Horhammer, Mike (author)Space Filling Curve (SFC) mapping-based clustering and indexing works effectively for point clouds management and querying. It maps both points and queries into a one-dimensional SFC space so that B+- tree could be utilized. Based on the basic structure, this paper develops a generic HistSFC approach which utilizes a histogram tree recording...journal article 2020
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Alattas, A.F.M. (author), van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), Zlatanova, Sisi (author), Hoeneveld, D. (author), Verbree, E. (author)The users' movements in the indoor environments differ based on the condition of the environments. During an indoor emergency, an efficient evacuation is required to help the users to move to the safe areas. Many types of incidents could impact the movements of users and this requires studying the behavior of the people during the evacuation....journal article 2020
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Balado Frías, J. (author), Díaz-Vilarino, L. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Arias, P. (author)Indoor furniture is of great relevance to building occupants in everyday life. Furniture occupies space in the building, gives comfort, establishes order in rooms and locates services and activities. Furniture is not always static; the rooms can be reorganized according to the needs. Keeping the building models up to date with the current...journal article 2020
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Liu, H. (author), van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), Verbree, E. (author)Dramatically increasing collection of point clouds raises an essential demand for highly efficient data management. It can also facilitate modern applications such as robotics and virtual reality. Extensive studies have been performed on point data management and querying, but most of them concentrate on low dimensional spaces. High...journal article 2020
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Bot, Fanny (author), Verbree, E. (author), Nourian, Pirouz (author)Al kennen we in Nederland een rijke kartografische en topografische geschiedenis, het publiek domein binnen gebouwen blijft een terra incognita: een grote verzameling witte vlekken. In het bijzonder voor mobiele applicaties is er nog geen weg gevonden naar automatisch werkende navigatiesystemen en het type kaart dat daaraan ten grondslag zou...journal article 2019
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Xenakis, D. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), Verbree, E. (author)The performance of an indoor positioning system is highly related to the placement of the transmitting nodes that are used as references for the positioning estimations. In this paper, we propose a methodology that can be used to optimize such a deployment and thus, increase the performance of an indoor positioning system that a) is based on...journal article 2019
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Bot, F. J. (author), Nourian, Pirouz (author), Verbree, E. (author)The presented method provides for a possibility to perform graph-based indoor localization, by comparing the topological structure embedded in a mesh model to the topological structure of a semantically rich reference model, specifically a BIM. However different in nature and structure, both input sources can be converted to a graph of...journal article 2019
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Ligtvoet, B.R. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Gorte, B.G.H. (author)There has been a steady increase in applications that rely on crowdsensing to gather data for analysis purposes. Crowdsensing enables the use of dynamic sensors to collect data on static objects of interest. However, using dynamic sensors in this way causes a problem. The focus of the collected data is on the position of the sensor, not on the...conference paper 2018
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Liu, H. (author), van Oosterom, P.J.M. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), Verbree, E. (author)Drastically increasing production of point clouds as well as modern application fields like robotics and virtual reality raises essential demand for smart and highly efficient data management. Effective tools for the managing and direct use of large point clouds are missing. Current state-of-the-art database management systems (DBMS) present...conference paper 2018
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Díaz-Vilarino, L. (author), González-De Santos, L. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Michailidou, G. (author), Zlatanova, S. (author)Visibility is a common measure to describe the spatial properties of an environment related to the spatial behaviour. Isovists represent the space that can be seen from one observation point, and they are used to analyse the existence of obstacles affecting or blocking intervisibility in an area. Although point clouds depict the as-built...journal article 2018
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Angelova, Lilia (author), Flikweert, P.L.M. (author), Karydakis, Panagiotis (author), Kersbergen, Daniël (author), Teeuwen, Roos (author), Valečkaitė, K. (author), Verbree, E. (author), Meijers, B.M. (author), van der Spek, S.C. (author)Along with the rise of the smart city movement, Internet of Things is an upcoming phenomenon. Objects and devices are becoming more and more wirelessly interconnected, communicating information between themselves and to human beings. As an addition to static sensor networks that gather real-time environmental data, the feasibility of...conference paper 2018