A hydraulic and morphologic criterion for upstram slopes in local-scour holes

Scour is a natural phenomenon caused by the flow of water in rivers and streams. Scour occurs naturally as part of the morphological changes of rivers and as result of structures man-made. Several types of scour can be distinghuished. Experience has shown that due to sand or flow slides or micro instabilities at the end of the bed protection,...

A study concerning the influence of the relative local turbulence on local-scour holes

Scour is the lowering of the sea or river-bed as a result of non-equilibrium sediment transport conditions and can be divided into several categories (Breusers and Raudkivi, 1991). Local scour, which may occur at the base of a structure because of the affected flow pattern, can severely endanger the stability of this structure. Many varieties of...