Interface stability of granular filter structures: Desk study

A desk study has been carried out regarding interface stability of granular filter structures. Actually, the project focuses on two particular aspects: (1) interface stability as function of the thickness of the filter layer consisting of standard armourstone gradings, and (2) interface stability of gravel mixtures with a wide gradation The...

Evaluation of recent desk study results on granular filters

Recently, a number of desk studies have been carried out with respect to the phenomena in and the design of granular filters. These have resulted in some formulas allowing the dimensioning of granular filters. The most important formulas are those developed by Hoffmans based on the shear stress concept of Grass (indicated hereafter as the...