Lipseys Quest for the Micro-foundations of GPT-the General Purpose Engine

The construct of the General Purpose Technology misses its micro-foundation (as observed by Richard Lipsey). We present a possible solution in the General Purpose Engines. These are the basic innovations and the clusters of contributing and derived innovation, that appear in a Schumpeterian 'cluster of innovations'. These cluster are the basis...

The Invention of the Communication Engine 'Telephone'

This case study is a historic analysis of the developments that resulted in the electric telephone. It is a story about human communication. Long distance communication that had already developed with the electrical telegraph system created by Samuel Morse in America and Cooke & Wheatstone in Britain. But now electricity became—next to its...

The Invention of the Communication Engine 'Telegraph'

This case study is a historic analysis of the developments that resulted in the electric telegraph. It describes a fascinating development in the early nineteenth century. It is a story about communication. Long distance communication, that had already developed with the optical semaphore system created by Claude Chappe in revolutionary France....

Innovation Defined, a Survey

This paper focusses on the definition of the word ‘innovation’ as used in scholarly manuscripts (books and articles) about the topic of Innovation. The research was done in 1988, and reported in the Dutch Language in a Research Paper of the University of Eindhoven (The Netherlands). As preparation for a comparable larger study in 2013, the...