The Quality of Lagged Products and Autoregressive Yule–Walker Models as Autocorrelation Estimates

The sample autocorrelation function is defined by the mean lagged products (LPs) of random observations. It is the inverse Fourier transform of the raw periodogram. Both contain the same information, and the quality of the full-length sample autocorrelation to represent random data is as poor as that of a raw periodogram. The autoregressive (AR)...

Design of Perturbation Signals for the Estimation of Proprioceptive Reflexes

This study aimed to identify the functional contribution of reflexes to human motor control during posture maintenance. Continuous random force disturbances were applied at the hand while the subjects were instructed to minimize the deviation resulting from the force disturbances. The results were analyzed in the frequency domain with frequency...

Quantifying Proprioceptive Reflexes During Position Control of the Human Arm

This study aimed to analyse the dynamic properties of the muscle spindle feedback system of shoulder muscles during a posture task. External continuous force disturbances were applied at the hand while subjects had to minimize their hand displacements. The results were analysed using two frequency response functions (FRFs) from which the model...