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Longitudinal maoeuvre loads

Czaykowski, T. (author)

A review is presented of a number of factors which may significantly affect the magnitude of external manoeuvre loads assessed for design purposes of aircraft. Discussed are various points pertaining to the definition of symmetric design manoeuvres and methods of evaluating loads acting on the airframe. Special attention is paid to the...

report 1962

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Further comments on high-lift testing in wind tunnels with particular reference to jet-blowing models

Butler, S.F.J. (author), Williams, J. (author)

This paper discusses some of the special problems of wind-tunnel testing which arise with high-lift jet-blowing models, supplementing AGARD Report 63. Further detailed comments are made on tunnel-wall inteference, test rigs and methods of minimising constraints from air-feeds to models, and on general test and model design techniques.

report 1959

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Survey of recent spring tab systems with particular reference to compliance with flutter criteria

Brooke, G.R. (author)

A survey has been made of some 33 spring tab systems of which there were 13 cases of flutter in some form or another. In general there appears to be little or no correlation between compliance with the various criteria and no flutter on the one hand and non- compliance with the criteria and flutter on the other. There is howlever, evidence that...

report 1959

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On the extraction of stability derivatives from full scale flight data

Zbrozek, J.K. (author)

report 1958

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Calculation of the flow past slender delta wings with leading edge separation

Mangler, K.W. (author), Smith, J.H.B. (author)

The flow past a slender delta wing with a sharp leading edge, at incidence, usually separates along this edge, i.e. a vortex layer extends from the edge and rolls up to form a "core" (a region of high vorticity). A potential flow model of this is constructed in which the layer is replaced by a vortex sheet which is rolled up into a spiral in the...

report 1957

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Critical flight conditions and loads resulting from inertia cross-coupling and aerodynamic stability deficiencies

Pinsker, W.J.G. (author)

The effects of the gyroscopic forces on aircraft with large inertias during rolling manoeuvres are discussed and criteria given for the three resulting divergent flight conditions: yaw divergence, pitch divergence and autorotational rolling. The critical loading cases in practical rolling manoeuvres are discussed and methods for the...

report 1957

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The influence of range, speed and lift-drag ration on the operating cost of a civil aircraft

Thorne, R.G. (author)

report 1956

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Further fatigue tests on loaded holes with interference fit bushes

Fisher, W.A.P. (author), Yeomans, H. (author)

Fatigue tests in pulsating tension have been made on aluminium alloy lugs fitted with normal fit bushes end with 0.003" interference fit bushes. Tests were made at two levels of mean load each associated with two levels of alternating load. By using a tapered load-in on the bush, and by giving it a light cadmium plating, damage to the bore of...

report 1956

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High-lift testing in wind tunnels with particular reference to jet-blowing models

Anscombe, A. (author), Williams, J. (author)

This note considers some of the special problems of wind tunnel testing wich arise in high-lift work. Discussion is confined to current experience in the R.A.E. end N.P.L. low-speed wind tunnels, and refers mainly to tests on blowing over flaps or jet-flaps. Comments are made on suitable size of model, methods of feeding compressed air into...

report 1956

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Flutter prediction in practice

Broadbent, E.G. (author)

A brief summary is given of the resources available for flutter prediction, both experimental and theoretical. Specific flutter investigations are described for four separate flutter incidents which have occurred in Great Britain during the past few years. In all four examples good agreement is eventually obtained between the calculations end...

report 1956

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The theoretical determination of normal modes and frequencies of vibration

Minhinnick, I.T. (author)

In this paper the various methods that have been devised for the determination of the natural frequencies and normal modes of aircraft are discussed and their accuracy and the amount of work that they entail are compared. An extensive bibliography is given in an Appendix. The discussion is mainly from the point of view of the flutter analyst,...

report 1956

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A new standard for the prediction of full scale spin and recovery characteristics from model tests

Kerr, T.H. (author)

The important features of a model, which affect the scale effect in the spin and recovery are discussed in the light of several model to full scale comparisons and the general background of spinning experience. These features have been shown to be the λ of the spin, the thickness/chord ratio of the wing and the inertia ratio B/A of' the model....

report 1956

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Flow separation in three dimensions

Maskell, E.C. (author)

A generalized concept of flow separation is presented. and the conditions in the neighbourhood of a line of separation are deduced. The resulting flow is shown to be composed of two basic elements (i) the free vortex layer and (ii) the bubble each of which is identified by a characteristic pattern formed in the solid surface by the family of...

report 1955

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Weight prediction for wings of box construction

Burt, M.E. (author)

The need for thin wings of high torsional stiffness leads to the use of box construction, in which both bending strength and torsional stiffness are provided by a single structural box. This report gives a method by which the wing weight for four types of box construction can be predicted from data available in the project stage of a new design....

report 1955

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The influence of pre-loading on the fatigue life of aircraft components and structures

Heywood, R.B. (author)

Tests on aircraft components and structures are described which show that pre-loading can have a marked influence on fatigue behaviour. Tensile pre-loading may increase the life - in one instance a hundredfold improvement was obtained - and compressive pre-loading may reduce the life. The effect is attributed to residuai stresses and to load...

report 1955

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Some comparisons between wind tunnel model and flight test results on aircraft at high angles of attack

Duddy, R.R. (author)

Comparisons of wind tunnel model and flight test results are given for a few typical aircraft with sweep angles ranging from 30º to 45º. With the exception of one aircraft, which had wings of 17% mean thickness chord ratio, the wings were all 10% thick. The agreement on longitudinal stability was good at low Mach nurnbers but further evidence is...

report 1955

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The representation of engine airflow in wind tunnel model testing

Seddon, J. (author), Nicholson, L.F. (author)

The problems of engine airflow representation in wind tunnel models are reviewed. Methods which have been used satisfactorily in low subsonic tunnels are described briefly. Special difficulties associated with testing at transonic speeds are noted. Techniques of special application to small supersonic tunnels are described in same detail. It is...

report 1955

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The use of pitot tubes in the measurement of laminar boundary layers in supersonic flow

Monaghan, R.J. (author)

report 1955

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Methods of determination and of fixing boundary layer transition on wind tunnel models at supersonic speeds

Winter, K.G. (author), Scott-Wilson, J.B. (author), Davies, F.V. (author)

An account is given of methods used in supersonic wind tunnels for observation of boundary layer phenomena, in particular of the sublimation and oil film techniques. Examples are given of the uses of these techniques. On the fixing of transition a rough guide is given for the minimum size of wire required, with an example of the use of wires....

report 1954

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Scale effects at high subsonic and transonic speeds, and methods for fixing boundary-layer transition in model experiments

Haines, A.B. (author), Holder, D.W. (author), Pearcy, H.H. (author)

report 1954