Process Design and Control of Reactive Distillation in Recycle Systems

This chapter focuses on the design and control of reactive distillation (RD) columns, which are seen as an integral part of an intensified chemical process. While most of the published literature presents analyses of the RD columns as standalone process units, this work frames the RD columns within a process where recycle streams (to these...

Design and control of novel reaction–separation–recycle processes for the production of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate

Two chemistry routes are known for 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate production: the direct esterification of acrylic acid with 1,4-butanediol, and the transesterification of methyl acrylate with 1,4-butanediol. However, very scarce information in the literature is available about industrial production, or design and operation of production processes....

The photostability and peel strength of ethylene butyl acrylate copolymer blends for use in conservation of cultural heritage

Materials, both natural and synthetic, are used as adhesives or consolidants during the conservation of cultural objects. However, few adhesives have been formulated specifically for the needs of cultural heritage. This article describes a study of the stability of ethylene butyl acrylate copolymers as well as blends of these polymers with low...

The photo-stability of acrylic tri-block copolymer blends for the consolidation of cultural heritage

A variety of adhesives are used for the conservation of paintings. These materials include natural adhesives such as animal glues, waxes, and gums which may chemically degrade over time resulting in unwanted discoloration and mechanical failure. Synthetic adhesives have been introduced to address these concerns. However, most consolidating...

Photocatalytic, corrosion protection and adhesion properties of acrylic nanocomposite coating containing silane treated nano zinc oxide: A combined experimental and simulation study

The influence of silane treated nano zinc oxide (nZnO) on the protection, photocatalytic properties and interfacial interactions in acrylic/carbon steel systems was investigated. For this purpose, nZnO particles have been synthesized using microwave irradiation method. The morphology of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles was studied by...

A Radio-Fluorogenic Polymer-Gel Makes Fixed Fluorescent Images of Complex Radiation Fields

We review the development and application of an organic polymer-gel capable of producing fixed, three-dimensional fluorescent images of complex radiation fields. The gel consists for more than 99% of γ-ray-polymerized (~15% conversion) tertiary-butyl acrylate (TBA) containing ~100 ppm of a fluorogenic compound, e.g., maleimido-pyrene (MPy). The...

Lightweight bonded acrylic facing at the Vitra VSL Factory

Acrylic glass is omnipresent in the industrialised world; but as a building material most architects, facade planners and engineers are still unfamiliar with this material. In most cases it is applied as a substitute for glass which leads to inappropriate joints and fixtures. During the years of the path toward the digital era, the authors were...

Synthesis of new resins for the preparation of UV-cure shape-memory coatings

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Novel types of self-healing coatings for corrosion protection of metal substrates

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A search for structural applications of transparent plastics in the building industry

Transparent building appeals to imagination. The availability of glass in all shapes and sizes is continuously increasing; architects and engineers thankfully make use of the given opportunities. But glass has also some specific disadvantages, as it’s extreme brittleness. Luckily more materials are available that offer the desired transparency;...