Designing demand responsive transportation solutions on water to connect urban expansion projects like artificial island to “mainland” cities: A conceptual autonomous demand responsive transportation solution to be deployed on the waters between Copenhagen’s city centre and the urban expansion project and artificial island Lynetteholm, to be constructed in the Northern harbour of Copenhagen by 2070

In the face of accelerating urbanization and the consequent surge in housing demands, particularly in European capitals, Copenhagen is at the forefront of adopting innovative urban development strategies. One such strategy is the conceptualization and eventual realization of Lynetteholm, an artificial island designed to mitigate housing...

Design of a Demand Responsive Transport service using Distributed Constraint Optimization for airport access

Accessibility is one of the key performance indicators in the evaluation of a multimodal transport system and, as a result, transport planning has become increasingly more oriented towards it. Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services have been proposed as a measure for increasing accessibility of a Public Transit (PT) network by servicing...

Designing demand responsive transport services in small-sized cities using an agent-based model

This paper presents an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate and compare two different operation strategies of a public transport service in small-sized cities, namely a fixed-route transit (FRT) and a demand-responsive transport (DRT) service, under varying demand rates and supply configurations. The ABM builds upon a previous work by the...

Choice-driven service network design for an integrated fixed line and demand responsive mobility system

Sparsely populated areas tend to be poorly served by Fixed Line and Schedule (FLS) public transport systems as the operation of a regular bus line is not economically viable for such areas. Therefore, introducing a Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) to partially replace FLS can result in increasing mobility service accessibility and inclusion....

Coverage Practices in a Patronage Based Bus Network Design Process: A Case Study on Zuid-Holland Noord, the Netherlands

The goals of bus services can be split into patronage (regarding the number of people that actually use the service) and coverage (regarding the number of people that are able to use the service) goals. Current bus networks are designed primarily for the coverage goals, as a consequence the patronage is lacking resulting in only few bus services...

Organisation of an Integrated Demand Responsive System: A Global Cross-Case Analysis

Integration of the demand responsive transport system (DRT) with the public transport system can provide an opportunity for the public transport authorities to guarantee accessibility in rural areas and address the first/last mile problem in rural areas. The literature on the institutional arrangement and organising DRT as a part of the public...

The design of an Demand Responsive Transport service for non digital travellers: Design report

This project revolves around redesigning Demand Responsive Transport services for non-digital users. The Ombudsman has identified that in the past couple of years public transport (PT) operators are replacing fixed transit lines (FLT) by Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services in low demand areas (OV-loket, 2017). DRT is more efficient,...

Impacts of replacing a fixed transit line by a Demand Responsive Transit system

The diffusion of the smartphone and the urban sprawl is pushing both private and public actors to revisit the concept of the demand-responsive transit (DRT). Mokumflex is a DRT pilot program that replaced the regular bus service in low-density areas of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, for 12 months. The close collaboration with the private enterprise...

Impacts of replacing a fixed public transport line by a demand responsive transport system: Case study of a rural area in Amsterdam

The diffusion of the smartphone and the urban sprawl is pushing both private and public actors to revisit the concept of demand-responsive transport (DRT). This paper provides a historical overview of DRT experiences, understanding their pros and cons. In addition, it presents the case study of Mokumflex, a 12-month DRT pilot program that...

Exploring alternative public transport in rural areas: What are the preferences of bus users in rural areas of the Netherlands for a demand responsive transport service and a multimodal alternative that combines express bus and bike-sharing?

The aim of this thesis was to find the preferences of bus users in rural areas of the Netherlands for alternative public transport. Two alternatives for bus were proposed: a demand responsive transport service and a multi-modal alternative that combined express bus with bike-sharing services for last mile transport. A stated choice survey was...

Willingness to share rides in on-demand services for different market segments

The impact of on-demand urban transport services on traffic reduction will depend on the willingness to share (WTS) of individuals. However, the extent to which individuals are willing to share remains largely unknown. By means of a stated preference experiment, this study analyses the WTS of respondents by comparing their preferences towards...

Passenger Route Choice and Assignment Model for Combined Fixed and Flexible Public Transport Systems

The recent technological innovations have given rise to innovative mobility solutions. Public transport systems combining such services need novel models for the design of services. We develop a multimodal route choice and assignment model for combined use of line/schedule based public transport systems (fixed public transport) and demand...

Performance Analysis and Fleet Requirements of Automated Demand-Responsive Transport Systems as an Urban Public Transport Service

The introduction of public transport services by fully automated vehicles can potentially change the way public transit services will be operated, as they allow shifting from rigid scheduled and route-bound services towards flexible, demand-responsive services. This study examines the potential performance of an Automated Demand Responsive...

Demand Responsive Rail Transport: Applicability of demand responsive rail transport as a substitute for scheduled heavy rail: a model for relating operational performance of rail DRT to infrastructure capacity

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the concept of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT). The area of application has almost exclusively been limited to road bound systems. Applying DRT as a substitute for current heavy rail services has not been considered in literature or practice before. This thesis is a first step into the...

Urban Demand Responsive Transport in the Mobility as a Service Ecosystem: Its Role and Potential Market Share

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is entering the transportation market. MaaS aims at the full integration of the existing transportation services and it offers tailored mobility packages to the user. In MaaS ecosystems, on-demand services play an important role as complement to public transport due to their flexibility. However, to date, most...

Performance Assessment of Fixed and Flexible Public Transport in a Multi Agent Simulation Framework

The emergence of innovative mobility solutions that offer flexible transport services, is changing the way urban public transport systems will be designed. Such mobility solutions offer on demand transport services and hence can solve the problems inherent with traditional line based and schedule based public transport systems. It is essential...