Effect of thermal cycling heated Fibre Metal Laminates under static load

Heated GLARE, a Fibre Metal Laminate with an integrated heater element, has been developed for de- or anti-icing systems in aircraft structures. Besides cyclic thermal loading these structures are also subjected to mechanical loading. To investigate the effect of static loading in addition to thermal cycling a series of tests have been performed...

Effect of long-term thermal cycling and moisture on heated Fibre Metal Laminates and glass-fibre epoxy composites

Heated GLARE, a Fibre Metal Laminate with an integrated heater element, has a promising potential as de- or anti-icing system in aircraft structures. To investigate the long-term durability of heated GLARE previously reported thermal cycling tests up to 12,000 cycles are extended up to 144,000 cycles and moisture conditioning is included....

Analysis of thermal strains and stresses in heated fibre metal laminates

Current trends in aircraft design are to increase the economic efficiency by integrating different features in multifunctional materials. One strategy is to embed resistance heater elements between glass-fibre epoxy layers in (heated) fibre metal laminates and to use them as anti or de-icing devices in leading edges of wings. Heated glass...

Effect of Thermal Cycling and Aging on Heated Fiber Metal Laminates and Glass-Fiber Epoxy Composites

By integrating heater elements in Fiber Metal Laminates, such as GLARE, the material has a promising potential as de- or anti-icing system in aircraft structures. Application of this so called "heated GLARE" material will however result in increase and (up to ten fold) more frequent temperature loading compares to the regular flight...

Out-of-autoclave manufacturing of GLARE panels using resistance heating

Autoclave manufacturing of fibre metal laminates, such as GLARE, is an expensive process.Therefore, there is an increasing interest to find cost effective out-of-autoclave manufacturing processes without diminishing the laminate quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of fibre metal laminate...

Thermal cycling of (heated) fibre metal laminates

Fibre metal laminates with integrated heater elements have a promising potential as de- or anti-icing systems in aircraft structures. The alternating metal and composite lay-up in fibre metal laminates seems ideal for the development of a multifunctional skin with embedded heater elements. However, the long term durability needs to be carefully...

Two-dimensional and transient thermal model of the continuous tape laying process

The purpose of this study is to simulate the two-dimensional, transient and continuous heat transfer during the thermoset Automated Tape Laying (ATL) process. The heat transfer analysis is coupled with a cure kinetics model of the thermoset prepreg tapes used for the process. Unlike most studies, the process is modelled in a Lagrangian framework...