Green ammonia supply chain and associated market structure

Green ammonia is poised to be a key part in the hydrogen economy. This paper discusses green ammonia supply chains with a focus on market structures. The architecture of upstream and downstream supply chains is explored. Market structure prototypes in different stages are explored based on transaction cost economics and lessons from the...

Techno-economic analysis of large-scale ammonia decomposition for the hydrogen economy: A mixed-integer linear programming approach for the Port of Rotterdam under deep uncertainty

In the transition towards climate neutrality by 2050 green hydrogen can contribute as a clean and widely applicable energy vector. However, domestic production by electrolysis in the Netherlands will not be able to produce enough hydrogen for the estimated demand. Import of hydrogen will thus be crucial. The Port of Rotterdam (PoR) will play a...

Analysis of Barriers for development of Green Hydrogen in United Arab Emirates (UAE): Barrier Analysis using a combination of Best-Worst Method (BWM) and Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have one of the highest annual energy consumption per capita and rank within the top 10 countries with highest CO¬2 emissions. All of the countries have low levels of renewable energy share in the total energy consumption. Among these countries, UAE has been relatively proactive in promoting the use...

An inter-city energy migration framework for regional energy balance through daily commuting fuel-cell vehicles

Spatiotemporal energy interaction and sharing are promising solutions to penetrate renewable energy, enhance grid power stability, and improve regional energy flexibility. However, the current literature is restrained in a small-scale neighborhood level, without considering inter-city energy migration through spatiotemporal complementarity...

The influence of state participation on the emergence of a hydrogen economy in the Netherlands

The concept of a hydrogen economy has gain renewed attention as a way to enable a cost-effective transition to a low-carbon society. The adoption of hydrogen as an energy carrier beyond its current non-energetic use is however faced with deep uncertainty, making decision-making on policy support difficult. The state-owned enterprise (SOE) is...

Shipping Sunshine: A techno-economic analysis of a dedicated green hydrogen supply chain from the Port of Sohar to the Port of Rotterdam

The Port of Rotterdam has the vision to become a zero-emission port in 2050. At the mo- ment, the port area emits about 18% of Dutch CO2 emissions. Various studies have been conducted on how to reach this vision. Among others, the Wuppertal Institute has investig- ated what set of technologies in each scenario would be desirable to employ....

Receiving Sunshine: A feasibility study on imported green hydrogen as a feedstock for current and future hydrogen markets in the hinterland of the Port of Rotterdam

Due to the abundance of solar energy resources in Oman and the participation in the joint venture of the Port of Rotterdam in the Port of Sohar, importing green hydrogen in the Port of Rotterdam has been suggested. In part one of this two-part research (Shipping Sunshine) two green hydrogen import prices were calculated based on a 100 [GW] solar...