Characterisation of a Thin Functionally Graded Bi-metallic Wall Fabricated Using Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM): A Study on the Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Behaviour Due to Grading

A multi-material structure combines diverse materials, allowing for precise tailoring of properties in specific regions. The integration of dissimilar materials leads to superior performance compared to single-material components. Bimetallic structures, a subset of multi-material systems, offer site-specific performance owing to the contrasting...

Characterization of robotized CMT-WAAM carbon steel

This paper analyses the microstructural and mechanical properties of carbon steel coupons produced by CMT-WAAM. The strategy adopted in the fabrication of the test specimens using a robotised facility is explained. Then, the results of the mechanical characterization performed using as-built and machined samples, extracted in several...

Steel 3D printing for structures: An explorative study on the tear-out strength of a pin or bolt in a Wire and Arc Additively Manufactured carbon steel plate

Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, is emerging as a technology for different applications made of steel. It is expected that in the coming years the construction industry will benefit from the free and lightweight forms that can be fabricated and the possible material savings. A few experimental results of 3D printed stainless steel...

Characterisation of a functionally graded duplex stainless steel: fabricated by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Functionally graded materials (FGM) are a class of materials in which the chemical composition or microstructure varies as a function of position, offering unique material properties. In this study, a functionally graded structure was manufactured using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding and a double wire feed device. The wire feed rate was changed step...

WAAM Martensitic Stainless Steel: Process Optimization & Resulting Weld Geometrical Characterization

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), one of the Additive Manufacturing (AM) deposition methods which employs the basic principles of Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) welding technique was used to show that it is possible to build moulds for ceramic products using AISI 420 stainless steel due to its characteristics such as corrosion resistance,...