High speed electronics for SPAD image sensors used in TimeofFlight applications

Multi Digital Silicon Photon Multipliers (MDSiPM), as image sensors, are utilized to calculate and estimate the properties of the incident light. These properties include spatial location of hits, intensity or number of photons and time of arrival. Some characteristics can be more important than others depending upon the problem at hand. Among...

A CMOS SPAD Imager with Collision Detection and 128 Dynamically Reallocating TDCs for Single-Photon Counting and 3D Time-of-Flight Imaging

Per-pixel time-to-digital converter (TDC) architectures have been exploited by single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensors to achieve high photon throughput, but at the expense of fill factor, pixel pitch and readout efficiency. In contrast, TDC sharing architecture usually features high fill factor at small pixel pitch and energy efficient...