Prediction of Fatigue Crack Propagation in Orthotropic Steel Decks using XFEM based on LEFM and VCCT

Orthotropic Steel Decks (OSDs) are widely used in various types of steel bridges due to their benefits of light weight, high load bearing capacity and speedy construction. Although many improvements in aspects of design, fabrication, inspection, and maintenance have been achieved over the years for such bridge decks, fatigue remains a...