Polynomial Chaos Expansion-Based Enhanced Gaussian Process Regression for Wind Velocity Field Estimation from Aircraft-Derived Data

This paper addresses the problem of spatiotemporal wind velocity field estimation for air traffic management applications. Using data obtained from aircraft, the eastward and northward components of the wind velocity field inside a specific air space are calculated as functions of time. Both short-term wind velocity field forecasting and wind...

Interleaved AC/DC Converter Operating with ZVS Sinusoidal Triangular-Current-Mode (S-TCM) for Reduced Voltage Harmonics Generation

The sinusoidal Triangular-Current-Mode (S-TCM) method has been proposed in the AC/DC power-factor-correction (PFC) converter to achieve the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) which can lead to both, high efficiency operation and a high power density design. Nevertheless, the necessary wide range variation of the sinusoidal switching frequency...

On the Estimation of Vector Wind Profiles Using Aircraft-Derived Data and Gaussian Process Regression

This work addresses the problem of vertical wind profile online estimation at a given location. Specifically, the north and east components of the wind are continuously estimated as functions of time and altitude at two waypoints used for landing on the Adolfo Suarez Madrid-Barajas airport. A continuous nowcast of the wind profile is...

ADS-B Signal Integrity and Security Verification Using a Coherent Software Defined Radio: Mitigation of the threat of maliciously injected signals in ADS-B networks

Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) is an operational enhancement as part of next-generation air transportation systems in Air Traffic Control. It enables aircraft and airport vehicles to periodically broadcast the information from their on-board equipment, like their identification, GPS location, velocity, and intent. Compared...

Wind Profile Estimation from Aircraft Derived Data Using Kalman Filters and Gaussian Process Regression

Accurate wind information is crucial in air traffic management, for instance, to improve trajectory predictability and precision in controlled time of arrival. Nowadays, air traffic management relies on Numerical Weather Prediction, which usually has a low resolution and low update rate. A potential approach for improving the resolution and...

The 1090 Megahertz riddle: A guide to decoding mode S and ADS-B signals: Second edition

Interactive Textbook. In the last twenty years, aircraft surveillance has moved from controller-based interrogation to automatic broadcast. The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is one of the most common methods for aircraft to report their state information like identity, position, and speed. Like other Mode S communications,...

Analyzing Aircraft Surveillance Signal Quality at the 1090 Megahertz Radio Frequency

Due to the increasing demands for real-time air traffic monitoring, the 1090 megahertz radio frequency has become the most utilized communication channel for aircraft surveillance purposes. Several services are using the radio frequency at the same time, which are Mode A/C communications and Mode S communications. These different types of...

Mode S Transponder Comm-B Capabilities in Current Operational Aircraft

Mode S surveillance allows air traffic controllers to interrogate certain information from aircraft, such as airspeeds, turn parameters, target altitudes, and meteorological conditions. However, not all aircraft have enabled the same capabilities. Before performing any specific interrogation, the surveillance radar must acquire the transponder...

Detecting and Measuring Turbulence from Mode S Surveillance Downlink Data

Instability in the movement of air masses in the atmosphere can result in turbulence. Most often, turbulence causes discomfort to passengers but it can occasionally affect their safety as well. Turbulence experienced by aircraft can be difficult to predict, especially for clear air turbulence (CAT) which occurs in the absence of any visual clues...

Open Aircraft Performance Modeling: Based on an Analysis of Aircraft Surveillance Data

A large number of stakeholders exist in the modern air traffic management ecosystem. Air transportation studies benefit from collaboration and the sharing of knowledge and findings between these different players. However, not all parties have equal access to information. Due to the lack of open-source tools and models, it is not always possible...

pyModeS: Decoding Mode-S Surveillance Data for Open Air Transportation Research

The availability of low-cost automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) receivers has given researchers the ability to make use of large amounts of aircraft state data. This data is being used to support air transportation research in performance study, trajectory prediction, procedure analysis, and airspace design. However, aircraft...

Ground-based Wind Field Construction from Mode-S and ADS-B Data with a Novel Gas Particle Model

Wind is an important parameter in many air traffic management researches, as it often introduces significant uncertainties in aircraft performance studies and trajectory predictions. Obtaining accurate wind field information has always been a challenge due to the availability of weather sensors. Traditionally, there is no direct method to...

Simulating the Risk of Bird Strikes

This paper presents a fast-time simulation environment for assessing the risk of bird strikes in aviation. An existing air traffic simulator was enhanced in order to simulate air and bird traffic simultaneously and to recognize collisions between birds and aircraft. Furthermore, a method was developed to generate bird movement information from...