Sodium chloride recovery from brines for reuse purposes in zero liquid discharge

In the application of the Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) strategy, not a single drop of water leaves the waste water treatment plant (WWTP). In the recovery strategy of an actual full-scale ZLD WWTP, the focus lies on high quality water, which is fully recovered from reverse osmosis brine (RO-brine). A residual solid stream is generated and...

Nanofiltration with zero liquid discharge in drinking water treatment

The topic of this thesis is a concept of zero liquid discharge for nanofiltration technology in drinking water treatment. Nanofiltration, defined as a process between Ultrafiltration (UF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO), is a rapidly emerging technology. The origin of NF membranes can be traced back to the late 1950s when it was developed to treat sea...