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Impact of introducing a metro line on urban bus services

Gadepalli, Ravi (author), Gumireddy, Sushmitha (author), Bhamidipati, Srirama (author), Cats, O. (author)

Many cities have introduced metro rail systems over the past two decades, particularly in developing countries. However, there is lack of knowledge on the impacts of new lines on the service and ridership for the related urban bus lines, and in particular those directly affected by the opening of the new service(s). We undertake a...

journal article 2022

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Multi-modal network evolution in polycentric regions

Cats, O. (author), Birch, Nigel (author)

The development of public transport networks in polycentric regions involves making complex trade-offs between extending network coverage, densifying local connections, offering improved connections between urban centers and increasing capacity on existing links. Moreover, different modalities might be suitable for each of these development...

journal article 2021

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Robustness assessment of link capacity reduction for complex networks: Application for public transport systems

Cats, O. (author), Koppenol, Gert Jaap (author), Warnier, Martijn (author)

Network robustness refers to as the capacity to absorb disturbances with a minimal impact on system performance. Notwithstanding, network robustness assessment has been mostly confined to the analysis of complete link breakdown based on topological metrics. We propose reliability indicators that encompass changes in network performance with...

journal article 2017

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Joint optimisation of regular and demand-responsive transit services

Zhao, Jing (author), Sun, Sicheng (author), Cats, O. (author)

This study aims to jointly optimise regular and demand responsive transit (DRT) services, which can offer opportunities for leveraging on their respective advantages. An optimisation model with the objective of minimising the total travel time of passengers and the total fleet size is proposed. The terminal bus stops of regular bus lines, the...

journal article 2021

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Quantification and comparison of hierarchy in Public Transport Networks

Wang, Z. (author), Huang, Ketong (author), Massobrio, R.M. (author), Bombelli, A. (author), Cats, O. (author)

Network hierarchy describes the relative arrangement of network elements and reflects its fundamental structure. We propose a multi-dimensional topology-based method for quantifying and comparing the extent to which different Public Transport Networks (PTNs) exhibit a hierarchical structure. The proposed method considers the uneven distribution...

journal article 2023

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A compact and scalable representation of network traffic dynamics using shapes and its applications

Krishnakumari, P.K. (author), Cats, O. (author), van Lint, J.W.C. (author)

The biggest challenge of analysing network traffic dynamics of large-scale networks is its complexity and pattern interpretability. In this work, we present a new computationally efficient method, inspired by human vision, to reduce the dimensions of a large-scale network and describe the traffic conditions with a compact, scalable and...

journal article 2020

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Examining circuity of urban transit networks from an equity perspective

Dixit, M. (author), Chowdhury, S.J. (author), Cats, O. (author), Brands, T. (author), van Oort, N. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)

Circuity of transit networks, defined as the ratio of network to Euclidean distance traveled from origin to destination stop, has been known to influence travel behavior. In addition to the longer time spent in travel, for networks where fare is based on distance traveled, higher circuity also means higher fare for the same Euclidean distance...

journal article 2021

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Ride acceptance behaviour of ride-sourcing drivers

Ashkrof, P. (author), Correia, Gonçalo (author), Cats, O. (author), van Arem, B. (author)

The performance of ride-sourcing services such as Uber and Lyft is determined by the collective choices of individual drivers who are not only chauffeurs but private fleet providers. In such a context, ride-sourcing drivers are free to decide whether to accept or decline ride requests assigned by the ride-hailing platform. Drivers’ ride...

journal article 2022

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Service design and frequency setting for the European high-speed rail network

Grolle, J. (author), Donners, Barth (author), Annema, J.A. (author), Duinkerken, M.B. (author), Cats, O. (author)

High-speed rail (HSR) is frequently seen as a promising alternative for long-distance travel by air and road, given its environmental advantages whilst offering a competitive level of service. However, a European HSR-network is yet to be realised, with the current state amounting to a patchwork of poorly connected subnetworks. Consequently,...

journal article 2023

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Quantifying the cascading effects of passenger delays

Cats, O. (author), Hijner, Anne Mijntje (author)

Delays in transport networks has adverse implications for infrastructure and service managers as well as travellers. While it is widely acknowledged that delays occurring across the transport networks may be related, there are is lack of knowledge on the underlying properties of these relations and means for quantifying them. To this end, we...

journal article 2021

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Network design for line-based autonomous bus services

Hatzenbühler, Jonas (author), Cats, O. (author), Jenelius, Erik (author)

The maturing of autonomous driving technology in recent years has led to several pilot projects and the initial integration of autonomous pods and buses into the public transport (PT) system. An emerging field of interest is the design of public transport networks operating autonomous buses and the potential to attract higher levels of travel...

journal article 2021

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A holding control strategy for diverging bus lines

Laskaris, G. (author), Cats, O. (author), Jenelius, Erik (author), Rinaldi, M. (author), Viti, Francesco (author)

Holding has been extensively used as control strategy to regulate public transport operations, especially to maintain even headways and prevent buses of the same line to bunch up. Applying holding to multiple lines requires however to deal with the transition between corridor and branching segments. In this study, we introduce a holding...

journal article 2021

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Integrating ride-hailing services with public transport: a stochastic user equilibrium model for multimodal transport systems

Liu, B. (author), Ji, Yuxiong (author), Cats, O. (author)

Public transport (PT) agencies are increasingly keen on integrating ride-hailing (RH) services with PT to improve overall mobility. Understanding the traffic flow distribution in the integrated system is vital for the policy decision-making and services design of such a system. We propose a stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) model for...

journal article 2023

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Mobility operator service capacity sharing contract design to risk-pool against network disruptions

Pantelidis, Theodoros P. (author), Chow, Joseph Y. J. (author), Cats, O. (author)

We propose a new mechanism to design risk-pooling contracts between operators to improve service resilience during disruptions. We formulate a novel two-stage stochastic multicommodity flow model to determine the cost savings of a coalition under different disruption scenarios and solve it using L-shaped method along with sample average...

journal article 2023

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Beyond a Complete Failure: The Impact of Partial Capacity Degradation on Public Transport Network Vulnerability

Cats, O. (author), Jenelius, E (author)

Disruptions in public transport networks (PTNs) often lead to partial capacity reductions rather than complete closures. This study aims to move beyond the vulnerability analysis of complete failures by investigating the impacts of a range of capacity reductions on PTN performance. The relation between network performance and the degradation of...

journal article 2017

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Modelling Public Transport On-board Congestion: Comparing Schedule-based and Agent-based Assignment Approaches and their Implications

Cats, O. (author), Hartl, Maximilian (author)

Transit systems are subject to congestion that influences system performance and level of service. The evaluation of measures to relieve congestion requires models that can capture their network effects and passengers' adaptation. In particular, on-board congestion leads to an increase of crowding discomfort and denied boarding and a decrease in...

journal article 2016

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The Robustness Value of Public Transport Development Plans

Cats, O. (author)

Investments in transport are increasingly motivated by the need to improve its robustness — the capacity to absorb disturbances with a minimal impact on system performance. Nonetheless, there is lack of knowledge on how to assess and quantify the robustness value of new investments. This study investigates the robustness of alternative public...

journal article 2016

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Topological evolution of a metropolitan rail transport network: The case of Stockholm

Cats, O. (author)

The structure of transport networks is the outcome of a large number of infrastructure investment decisions taken over a long time span. Network indicators are widely used for characterizing transport network topology and its performance as well as provide insights on possible developments. Little is known however on how rail bound public...

journal article 2017

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Metropolitan rail network robustness

Cats, O. (author), Krishnakumari, P.K. (author)

In large-scale urban agglomerations, heavy rail in the form of metro and commuter train serves as the backbone of the metropolitan public transport network. The objective of this paper is to investigate whether networks with strikingly different structure and development pattern exhibit different robustness properties in the event of random...

journal article 2020

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Understanding ride-sourcing drivers' behaviour and preferences: Insights from focus groups analysis

Ashkrof, P. (author), Correia, Gonçalo (author), Cats, O. (author), van Arem, B. (author)

Ride-sourcing has recently been at the centre of attention as the most disruptive mode of transport associated with the so-called shared mobility era. Drivers, riders, the platform, policymakers, and the general public are considered as the main stakeholders of the system. While ride-sourcing platforms have been growing, so did the heightened...

journal article 2020