The Shape of Healthy Lowland Metropolis: Urban Forestry as Landscape Architectural Approach to a Healthy Environment in Rotterdam- Den Haag Metropolis

Owing to the unique landscape characteristics of Dutch lowland, forests in Randstad region are found being the result of the interaction between historical development and natural conditions. As cultural influences are genetically embedded in forest formation, the landscape approach to urban forestry provides a novel and wholistic lens looking...

Introducing the Randstad: A polycentric metropolis

The Randstad and polycentric regions generally are not only vehicles to create critical economic mass. The geography of the Randstad is unmistakably deltaic, with expanses of flat open land crisscrossed by watercourses and historic windmills that remain from a former network of more than 10,000. The development of extensive physical and soft...

Conclusion and outlook

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. The book shows how specific advantages given to cities, for instance trading and taxation rights in medieval times, had a clear influence on the economy of cities and through that, on population growth. It also shows how so-called...

Evolution of public transit networks in polycentric urban regions

The aim of this thesis is to gain insights into the impact that various variables have on the topological evolution of a public transit network in a polycentric urban region. These variables are: the spatial structure of the polycentric urban region, the demand distribution, the operational costs and multimodality versus unimodality. To gain...

Comparing city image and brand identity in polycentric regions using network analysis

In a globalising world, cities find themselves competing for visitors, residents, investors, and companies. They use place branding strategies to become more visible. However, conceptual and analytical confusion exists on the subjects of place image and brand identity, and current studies are limited to single cities, neglecting inter-city...

Linking the image and identity of cities in polycentric regions

In a globalizing world, cities find themselves competing more and more for the likes of visitors, residents, investors, and companies. Simultaneously, cities may attempt to ignite synergies by working together with other cities in the region. Two core concepts of the place branding domain, image and identity, are central to this situation....