How are public values affected when public actors that own infrastructure assets implement PSS: A transition towards service-oriented projects

Public clients in the Netherlands have committed to dramatically reduce CO2 emissions. To achieve that, Circular Economy is proposed and more specifically a tool that can lead to Circularity, called Product Service Systems (PSS). PSS is a business tool that is innovative for infrastructure, and public clients are investigating the transition...

Local Referendums for Urban Area Development: How public value conflicts contribute to the design and decision-making

Local referendums are part of the local democracy and give citizens more direct discission power by their votes.The instrument can be used by the citizens to express their resistance towards the municipal plans or used by the municipality to consult their citizens about their plans. In the Netherlands, local referendums are despite their non...