Utilisation of waste heat from PEM electrolysers: Unlocking local optimisation

Recovery of heat from electrolysers is potentially interesting to increase the total system efficiency, reduce CO₂ emissions, and increase the economic feasibility of both hydrogen and heat production. This study examines different designs for the utilisation of (waste) heat from a 2.5 MW_el polymer electrolyte membrane ...

Portable and integrated microfluidic flow control system using off-the-shelf components towards organs-on-chip applications

Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices require the precise control of various media. This is mostly done using several fluid control components, which are much larger than the typical OoC device and connected through fluidic tubing, i.e., the fluidic system is not integrated, which inhibits the system’s portability. Here, we explore the limits of...

Integration of the Battery Energy Storage System in a 450 kW EV Charger

Despite the Covid-19 pandemic and supply chain challenges, including shortages of semiconductor chips, the electric vehicle (EV) market is expanding rapidly. Automobile manufacturers have been progressively developing business plans, considering electrification as an opportunity to acquire market share and preserve competitive advantages. The...

Dynamic operation of an Integrated Direct Air Capture and CO2 Compression System

CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has soared since the industrial era owing to the rapid and unabated increase in fossil fuel consumption globally. This has resulted in an increase in global average temperature by ≈ 1.1 C in this period; and has sparked the concern of climate disaster events across the globe. In order to tackle the issue of...

System integration of a high pressure alkaline electrolyser

To anticipate for future demand of sustainable liquid fuels, Zero Emission Fuels B.V. develops a solar powered micro plant which produces methanol from water and carbon dioxide captured from outside air. An intermediate step in this process is the electrolysis of water to create hydrogen which reacts with carbon dioxide to methanol. This study...

Mitigating high PV penetration-induced low-voltage grid overvoltage while stimulating the energy transition through a generalised approach

This research describes a generic step-by-step approach that can be used to depict energy transition-enhancing overvoltage mitigation strategies that fit the local context of a neighbourhood. Although high PV induced low-voltage grid overvoltage mitigation has been studied extensively, this research adds onto existing literature in three ways....

Combined gas engine-solid oxide fuel cell systems for marine power generation

Modern marine diesel engines operating on conventional marine fuels are unable to further reduce the adverse impact of ship emissions on the environment. Integration of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and internal combustion engine (ICE) equipped with an underwater exhaust (UWE) can provide the opportunity for mitigating ship emissions and...

Dynamic Modelling of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System: Integration of 1-D SOFC Dynamic Model with the Balance of Plant components

The constant pressure on the maritime sector to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions has led the shipping industry to search for alternatives, such as zero-emissions propulsion systems, which would allow meeting the 2050 target imposed by International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulation. Fuel cells have demonstrated to substantially...

Closed loop wet scrubber system for maritime application: Dynamic modelling and system integration

The maritime sector is important for the facilitation and growth of global trade. Currently, about 90% of the goods are transported by ships and as a result, the number of ships has risen, increasing the emissions related to shipping. Pollution caused by exhaust gas, especially the sulphur oxide emission, from marine diesel engines has become a...

Introducing Power-to-H3: Combining renewable electricity with heat, water and hydrogen production and storage in a neighbourhood

In the transition from fossil to renewable energy, the energy system should become clean, while remaining reliable and affordable. Because of the intermittent nature of both renewable energy production and energy demand, an integrated system approach is required that includes energy conversion and storage. We propose a concept for a...

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells fuelled with biogas: Potential and constraints

Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is used worldwide for treating organic waste and wastewater. Biogas produced can be converted using conventional energy conversion devices to provide energy efficient, integrated waste solutions. Typically, the electrical conversion-efficiency of these devices is 30–40% and is lowered due to biogas utilization instead...

Selective Catalytic Reduction for Marine Applications: Dynamic Modelling and System Integration

Environmental regulations are continuously raising the bar towards more advanced diesel engine designs ca- pable of minimizing the emissions of polluting substances. The recent IMO Tier III legislation, entered into force in 2016, is forcing the engine manufacturers to meet a NOx reduction of more than 70% from Tier II for all the ships sailing...

The implications of unlocking decentralised flexibility: A comparative analysis of the intermediary aggregator vs. blockchain technology by considering a system integration perspective

The Netherlands currently lacks a large scale aggregation system which can unlock decentralised flexibility to improve the reliability of the electricity grid in the presence of a significant amount of variable renewable energy sources. In this reserach, the aggregator blockchain technology is perceived as an enabler for a decentralised...

The process of urban systems integration: an integrative approach towards the institutional process of systems integration in urban area development

Today, more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. This makes them centres of resource consumption and waste production. Sustainable development is seen as an opportunity to respond to the consequences of urbanisation and climate change. In recent years the concepts of circularity and urban symbiosis have emerged as popular...

System integration of wind-powered hydrogen refueling station: From national level to a case study

As one of the carbon-free emission transportation method, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) have become a very popular research topic for the recent years. However, as the fuel of FCEV, the hydrogen is usually produced by traditional steam reforming method, which is still not an environmentally friendly process.</p><p>This report focuses on...

Institutional challenges caused by the integration of renewable energy sources in the European electricity sector

The integration of large amounts of variable renewable energy poses fundamental challenges to the operation and governance of the energy system. In this article we address the main institutional challenges that are caused by the integration of variable renewable energy sources like solar and wind energy in the European power system. We first...