Value elicitation on a scenario of autonomous weapon system deployment: a qualitative study based on the value deliberation process

Ethical concerns on autonomous weapon systems (AWS) call for a process of human oversight to ensure accountability over targeting decisions and the use of force. To align the behavior of autonomous systems with human values and norms, the Design for Values approach can be used to consciously embody values in the deployment of AWS. One instrument...

Comprehensive Human Oversight Framework to Ensure Accountability over Autonomous Weapon Systems

Hembrug; Campus North: Play, Experiment, Discover & learn; Heritage for generational growth

Redesign of two building on Campus North in the Hembrug, Zaandam area. The design focusses on creating a low-tech and stimulating environment for children. Where parents can have workspaces and maintain a connection with their children (visual and physical).

Effects Assessment for Targeting Decisions Support in Military Cyber Operations

Cyber Warfare is perceived as a radical shift in the nature of warfare. It can represent a real alternative next to other types of Military Operations to achieve military and/or political goals in front of adversaries. To this end, Cyber Operations use specific technologies i.e. cyber weapons/capabilities/means. With a short but intense history...

Decision support model for effects estimation and proportionality assessment for targeting in cyber operations

Cyber operations are relatively a new phenomenon of the last two decades. During that period, they have increased in number, complexity, and agility, while their design and development have been processes well kept under secrecy. As a consequence, limited data(sets) regarding these incidents are available. Although various academic and...

Accountability and Control Over Autonomous Weapon Systems: A Framework for Comprehensive Human Oversight

Accountability and responsibility are key concepts in the academic and societal debate on Autonomous Weapon Systems, but these notions are often used as high-level overarching constructs and are not operationalised to be useful in practice. “Meaningful Human Control” is often mentioned as a requirement for the deployment of Autonomous Weapon...

Assessment Methodology for Collateral Damage and Military (Dis)Advantage in Cyber Operations

Cyber Operations stopped being utopia or Sci-Fi based scenarios: they became reality. When planning and conducting them, military actors encounter difficulties since they lack methodologies and models that support their actions and assess their effects. To address these issues by tackling the underlying scientific and practical gap, this...

Guidance Algorithm for an Air-to-Air Boost Phase Interceptor

Current Ballistic Missile (BM) defence systems intercept an incoming threat in its terminal phase, and to some extend during its coast phase. During the boost phase of a BM, the initial velocity of the BM is low and the hot exhaust plume is easy to spot for infrared sensors, which provides a good opportunity for interception. To do so, the...

Developing a Cyber Operations Computational Ontology

Cyber operations lack models, methodologies, and mechanisms to describe relevant data and knowledge. This problem is directly reflected when cyber operations are conducted and their effects assessed, and it can produce dissonance and disturbance in corresponding decision-making processes and communication between different military actors. To...

Meaningful Human Control Over Autonomous Systems: A Philosophical Account

Debates on lethal autonomous weapon systems have proliferated in the past 5 years. Ethical concerns have been voiced about a possible raise in the number of wrongs and crimes in military operations and about the creation of a “responsibility gap” for harms caused by these systems. To address these concerns, the principle of “meaningful human...

The Design of Human Oversight in Autonomous Weapon Systems

As the reach and capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems increases, there is also a growing awareness of the ethical, legal and societal impact of the potential actions and decisions of these systems. Many are calling for guidelines and regulations that can ensure the responsible design, development, implementation, and policy of...

Agency perception and moral values related to Autonomous Weapons: An empirical study using the Value-Sensitive Design approach

The purpose of this empirical study is to gain insight in how Autonomous Weapons are perceived by the general public and the military and which moral values they consider important when Autonomous Weapons are deployed in the near future. The Value-Sensitive Design method is used to structure the study. This thesis proposes a design for a Moral...

Concealed Weapon Detection: A microwave imaging approach

In the last years, there has been a renewed interest in security applications designed to detect potentially dangerous concealed object carried by an individual. In particular automatic detection and classification of concealed weapons is a fundamental part of every surveillance system.Until now merely all the research in image processing for...

UWB FMCW Radar for Concealed Weapon Detection: RF front-end development

Current methods for concealed weapon detection are mainly used at stationary security check-points due to complexity and other serious limitations for real-time outdoor scenarios. A mobile imaging radar is considered as a proper solution for fast screening of people at mass events because of its ability to detect both metal and non-metal weapons...

Possibilities, Intentions and Threats: Dual Use in the Life Sciences Reconsidered

Due to the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and the anthrax letters of a few weeks later, the concept of dual use has spread widely in the life sciences during the past decade. This article is aimed at a clarification of the dual use concept and its scope of application for the life sciences. Such a clarification would greatly facilitate the work of...