The Effect of ECM Stiffness on Tip/Stalk Cell Patterning during Early Sprouting Angiogenesis: A computational approach

Angiogenesis, i.e. the formation of blood vessels from existing ones, plays a vital role in bone or wound healing. The expansion of vascularization facilitates the healing process through the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the injured site and through the removal of waste products. Clinical observations indicate that impaired angiogenesis...

In Vitro Mineralisation of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Reduces Endothelial Cell Migration, Proliferation and Tube Formation

Tissue engineering bone via endochondral ossification requires the generation of a cartilage template which undergoes vascularisation and remodelling. While this is a promising route for bone repair, achieving effective cartilage vascularisation remains a challenge. Here, we investigated how mineralisation of tissue-engineered cartilage...

Microfluidic evidence of synergistic effects between mesenchymal stromal cell-derived biochemical factors and biomechanical forces to control endothelial cell function

A functional vascular system is a prerequisite for bone repair as disturbed angiogenesis often causes non-union. Paracrine factors released from human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) have angiogenic effects on endothelial cells. However, whether these paracrine factors participate in blood flow dynamics within bone...

The Releasate of Avascular Cartilage Demonstrates Inherent Pro-Angiogenic Properties In Vitro and In Vivo

Objective: Cartilage is avascular and numerous studies have identified the presence of single anti- and pro-angiogenic factors in cartilage. To better understand the maintenance hyaline cartilage, we assessed the angiogenic potential of complete cartilage releasate with functional assays in vitro and in vivo. Design: We evaluated the gene...

Inorganic Agents for Enhanced Angiogenesis of Orthopedic Biomaterials

Aseptic loosening of a permanent prosthesis remains one of the most common reasons for bone implant failure. To improve the fixation between implant and bone tissue as well as enhance blood vessel formation, bioactive agents are incorporated into the surface of the biomaterial. This study reviews and compares five bioactive elements (copper,...

Assessing the effects of strontium releasing titanium implants on the behaviour of human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Introduction: Aseptic loosening of an orthopaedic implant due to the unsatisfactory attachment to the bone remains one of the most common reasons for failure of these implants. One of the possible approaches for improving the connection between the implanted biomaterial and the bone tissue being formed is the incorporation of bioactive agents...

Including Blood Vasculature into a Game-Theoretic Model of Cancer Dynamics

For cancer, we develop a 2-D agent-based continuous-space game-theoretical model that considers cancer cells’ proximity to a blood vessel. Based on castrate resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC), the model considers the density and frequency (eco-evolutionary) dynamics of three cancer cell types: those that require exogenous...

Mathematical modelling of angiogenesis using continuous cell-based models

In this work, we develop a mathematical formalism based on a 3D in vitro model that is used to simulate the early stages of angiogenesis. The model treats cells as individual entities that are migrating as a result of chemotaxis and durotaxis. The phenotypes used here are endothelial cells that can be distinguished into stalk and tip (leading)...

Simulating sprouting angiogenesis: Using a new 3D substrate dependent cell-based model

Angiogenesis1 is the biological mechanism by which new blood vessels sprout from existing ones. It differs from vasculogenesis, which is the de novo growth of the primary vascular network from initially dispersed endothelial cells (ECs). Vasculogenesis is predominant in embryonic tissue whilst new vasculature in the adult body arises mostly from...

Modeling an angiogenesis treatment after a myocardial infarction

A serious complication that patients face after a heart attack is the formation of scar tissue at the damaged part of the heart. This scar leads to stiffening of the damaging region, and thereby it requires more perfomance of the heart muscle, which leads to fatigue and hence to failure and thereby causing immediate death of the patient. To...

A finite-element model for healing of cutaneous wounds combining contraction, angiogenesis and closure

A simplified finite-element model for wound healing is proposed. The model takes into account the sequential steps of dermal regeneration, wound contraction, angiogenesis and wound closure. An innovation in the present study is the combination of the aforementioned partially overlapping processes, which can be used to deliver novel insights into...

A Mathematical Model for Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis

Mathematical modelling of angiogenesis and contraction occuring during wound healing in soft tissues

Wound contraction and angiogenesis are two important processes in the proliferative stage of wound healing. In this thesis a novel mathematical model on angiogenesis is presented. Furthermore this new angiogenesis model is coupled with an already existing model for wound contraction.