Wave impacts on vertical seawalls and caisson breakwaters

In most developed coastal areas, seawalls protect towns, road, rail and rural infrastructure against wave overtopping. Similar structures protect port installations worldwide, and may be used for cliff protection. When a large tidal excursion and severe environmental conditions concur to expose seawalls and vertical face breakwaters to wave...

Wave transmission at vertical breakwaters

Recently, interest in vertical breakwaters has grown. The development of ports from natural small harbours to artificial large harbours facing the outer sea has demanded the construction of breakwaters in rougher seas. The vertical breakwater could play a role of importance in this development. To obtain general guidelines for the design of...