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Influence of Scour Protection on the Vertical Bearing Behaviour of Monopiles in Sand

Li, Qiang (author), Wang, Xinquan (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Jiang, Shengxiang (author), Diao, Hongguo (author), Wang, Kangyu (author)

Extensive studies have been performed on the effectiveness of scour protection against scour erosion progression. But there is little research to date evaluating the effect of scour protection on vertical resistance behaviour of monopile foundations. This paper investigates the influence of scour protection on the vertical loading behaviour of...

journal article 2024

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Scour Effect on the Lateral Bearing Behaviour of Monopiles Considering Different Slenderness Ratios

Li, Qiang (author), Wang, Xinquan (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Jiang, Shengxiang (author), Diao, Hongguo (author), Wang, Mingyuan (author), Wang, Kangyu (author)

Scour leads to the loss of soil around monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines, which affects their structural safety. In this paper, the effect of scour on the lateral behaviour of monopiles was extensively investigated using finite element analysis, and calibration and comparison were undertaken using centrifuge tests. Piles with three...

journal article 2024

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A study of stone arch bridge’s flood reliability through a surrogate model approach

Baron, Edward A. (author), Mendoza Cabanzo, Carlos (author), Bento, Ana Margarida (author), Matos, Jose C. (author), Calçada, Rui (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author)

Europe’s historic masonry arch bridges are culturally and economically significant, but their long-term safety must be ensured. Scour effects are the most common cause of collapse, so it is necessary to carry out structural assessments to mitigate the risk and prevent potential failures. In this study, a metamodel-based method was used to...

journal article 2024

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A CPT-based multi-spring model for lateral monopile analysis under SLS conditions in sand

Tott-Buswell, Jacques (author), Prendergast, Luke J. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author)

Monopiles are the most common Offshore Wind Turbine (OWT) foundations due to their simplicity in design, fabrication, and installation. However, large new-generation turbines have led to significant changes in monopile dimensions, necessitating extensive finite element analyses and ground investigations to meet design requirements. While Cone...

journal article 2024

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An anchoring system for supporting platforms for wind energy devices

Sivakumar, Vinayagamoorthy (author), Fanning, Joseph (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Tripathy, Snehasis (author), Bradshaw, Aaron (author), Murray, Edward J. (author), Black, Jonathan (author), Donohue, Shane (author)

This paper presents data from an initial development stage of an 'umbrella anchor' concept. The anchor can be pushed into sand deposit in a folded arrangement to reduce installation loads. When a pull-out load is applied to the mooring line, the anchor deploys to create a large embedded plate anchor. Physical modelling was carried out in...

journal article 2023

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Deep learning-based design model for suction caissons on clay

Yin, Xilin (author), Wang, H. (author), Pisano, F. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Askarinejad, A. (author), Zhou, Hongpeng (author)

Predicting the non-linear loading response is the key to the design of suction caissons. This paper presents a systematic study to explore the applicability of deep learning techniques in foundation design. Firstly, a series of three-dimensional finite element simulations was performed, covering a wide range of embedment ratios and different...

journal article 2023

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Evaluation of Creep Behavior of Soft Soils by Utilizing Multisensor Data Combined with Machine Learning

Kovacevic, Meho Sasa (author), Bačić, Mario (author), Librić, Lovorka (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author)

To identify the unknown values of the parameters of Burger’s constitutive law, commonly used for the evaluation of the creep behavior of the soft soils, this paper demonstrates a procedure relying on the data obtained from multiple sensors, where each sensor is used to its best advantage. The geophysical, geotechnical, and unmanned aerial...

journal article 2022

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Numerical analyses of energy balance and installation mechanisms of large-diameter tapered monopiles by impact driving

Chen, Fuquan (author), Liu, Liyang (author), Lai, F. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Flynn, Kevin N. (author), Li, Yida (author)

Large-diameter monopiles are widely used as the foundation to support offshore wind turbines (OWTs) in shallow coastal waters. The benefits of small-to-medium diameter tapered piles have been reported in the past. The potential use of large-diameter tapered monopiles installed by impact driving to support OWTs is thus presented, and then...

journal article 2022

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Experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of vertical loading on the lateral behaviour of monopiles in sand

Li, Q. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Askarinejad, A. (author), Prendergast, L. J. (author)

The influence of combined loading on the response of monopiles used to support offshore wind turbines (OWTs) is investigated in this paper. In current practice, resistance of monopiles to vertical and lateral loading is considered separately. As OWT size has increased, the slenderness ratio (pile length, L, normalised by diameter, D) has...

journal article 2022

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Influence of scour protection layers on the lateral response of monopile in dense sand

Askarinejad, A. (author), Wang, H. (author), Chortis, Giorgos (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author)

The scour protection layers are usually installed around the monopiles to prevent the formation of scour hole. While extensive studies have been performed on the effectiveness of scour protection layer as mitigation measure, no study to date has been found to quantify the influence of scour protection layer on the lateral response of...

journal article 2022

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New insights into the failure mechanisms of horizontal plate anchors in clay during pull-out

Jalilvand, Soroosh (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Sivakumar, Vinayagamoothy (author), Gilbert, Robert B. (author), Bradshaw, Aaron (author)

Offshore wind developments are moving towards deep-water regions where energy is abundant, visual impact is minimised and the larger turbine sizes can make the energy production more cost-effective. One of the key challenges facing the industry is the development of reliable substructures. While fixed foundation systems are widely used for...

journal article 2021

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Impact of scour on lateral resistance of wind turbine monopiles: An experimental study

Li, Q. (author), Askarinejad, A. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author)

The majority of offshore wind structures are supported on large-diameter, rigid monopile foundations. These piles may be subjected to scour due to the waves and currents that causes a loss of soil support and consequently decreases the pile capacity and system stiffness. The results of numerical models suggest that the shape of the scour hole...

journal article 2021

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Field experiments at three sites to investigate the effects of age on steel piles driven in sand

Carroll, R. (author), Carotenuto, P. (author), Dano, C. (author), Salama, I. (author), Silva, M. (author), Rimoy, S. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Jardine, R. (author)

This paper investigates the influences that steel type, in situ soil properties, water table depth, pile diameter, roughness and driving procedures have on the ageing behaviour of piles driven in sand. Tension tests have been performed on 51 open-ended steel micro-piles, with 48 to 60 mm outside diameter, driven at well-established research...

journal article 2020

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PISA design model for monopiles for offshore wind turbines: Application to a stiff glacial clay till

Byrne, Byron W. (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Burd, Harvey J. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Igoe, David J.P. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author), Martin, Christopher M. (author), McAdam, Ross A. (author), Potts, David M. (author)

Offshore wind turbines in shallow coastal waters are typically supported on monopile foundations. Although three-dimensional (3D) finite-element methods are available for the design of monopiles in this context, much of the routine design work is currently conducted using simplified one-dimensional (1D) models based on the p-y method. The p-y...

journal article 2020

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Finite-element modelling of laterally loaded piles in a stiff glacial clay till at Cowden

Zdravkovic, Lidija (author), Taborda, David M.G. (author), Potts, David M. (author), Abadias, David (author), Burd, Harvey J. (author), Byrne, Byron W. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author)

The PISA project was a combined field testing/numerical modelling study with the aim of developing improved design procedures for large-diameter piles subjected to lateral loading. This paper describes the development of a three-dimensional finite-element model for the medium-scale pile tests that were conducted in Cowden till as part of the...

journal article 2020

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Monotonic laterally loaded pile testing in a stiff glacial clay till at Cowden

Byrne, Byron W. (author), McAdam, Ross A. (author), Burd, Harvey J. (author), Beuckelaers, William J.A.P. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Igoe, David J.P. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author), Martin, Christopher M. (author)

This paper describes the results obtained from a field testing campaign on laterally loaded monopiles conducted at Cowden, UK, where the soil consists principally of a heavily overconsolidated glacial till. These tests formed part of the PISA project on the development of improved design methods for monopile foundations for offshore wind...

journal article 2020

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Monotonic laterally loaded pile testing in a dense marine sand at Dunkirk

McAdam, Ross A. (author), Byrne, Byron W. (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Beuckelaers, William J.A.P. (author), Burd, Harvey J. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Igoe, David J.P. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author), Martin, Christopher M. (author)

The results obtained from a field testing campaign on laterally loaded monopiles, conducted at a dense sand site in Dunkirk, northern France are described. These tests formed part of the PISA project on the development of improved design methods for monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines. Results obtained from monotonic loading tests...

journal article 2020

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Finite-element modelling of laterally loaded piles in a dense marine sand at Dunkirk

Taborda, David M.G. (author), Zdravkovic, Lidija (author), Potts, David M. (author), Burd, Harvey J. (author), Byrne, Byron W. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author), Liu, Tingfa (author)

The paper presents the development of a three-dimensional finite-element model for pile tests in dense Dunkirk sand, conducted as part of the PISA project. The project was aimed at developing improved design methods for laterally loaded piles, as used in offshore wind turbine foundations. The importance of the consistent and integrated...

journal article 2020

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PISA design model for monopiles for offshore wind turbines: Application to a marine sand

Burd, Harvey J. (author), Taborda, David M.G. (author), Zdravkovic, Lidija (author), Abadie, Christelle N. (author), Byrne, Byron W. (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Igoe, David J.P. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author)

This paper describes a one-dimensional (1D) computational model for the analysis and design of laterally loaded monopile foundations for offshore wind turbine applications. The model represents the monopile as an embedded beam and specially formulated functions, referred to as soil reaction curves, are employed to represent the various...

journal article 2020

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New data analysis methods for instrumented medium-scale monopile field tests

Burd, Harvey J. (author), Beuckelaers, William J.A.P. (author), Byrne, Byron W. (author), Gavin, Kenneth (author), Houlsby, Guy T. (author), Igoe, David J.P. (author), Jardine, Richard J. (author), Martin, Christopher M. (author), McAdam, Ross A. (author)

The PISA Joint Industry Research Project was concerned with the development of improved design methods for monopile foundations in offshore wind applications. PISA involved large-scale pile tests in overconsolidated glacial till at Cowden, north-east England, and in dense, normally consolidated marine sand at Dunkirk, northern France. This...

journal article 2020