Police and public perspectives on the use and impacts of technology that expose enforcement locations for phone use while driving

Avoiding being caught and punished has consistently been demonstrated to be a key predictor of continued engagement in risky and illegal phone use while driving. This is a large concern, as the presence of applications such as Google Maps, Apple Maps, Waze, and social media pages/groups that share the location of enforcement activities related...

Road rule enforcement and where to find it: An investigation of applications used to avoid detection when violating traffic rules

Introduction: One of the primary countermeasures in place to prevent road rule violations is legal enforcement, yet there are numerous applications that can undermine such efforts by notifying drivers of enforcement locations. However, the capabilities of these applications and how they can impact offending behavior is currently unknown. Method:...

Spaces of Confinement: A banality of good

People make mistakes. But how does society treat them when they do? For archi- tecture to be involved in this process, is to be at least called arbitrary, as it frames the spaces in which we punish and reform. For architects to design prisons is a paradoxical task because of the conflicting interest and changing goals of its design. Spaces of...

Why does the machine punish?: The effects of the use of machine learning in criminal sentencing on the application of the theories of punishment

In recent years, the practice of risk-assessment has started to utilize machine learning to take in larger data sets and improve prediction accuracy. Simultaneously, it has expanded into the sentencing stage of the criminal justice system. This paper analyzes the effect of these developments on the consideration of the theories of punishment...

Towards a New Prison: Facilitating the cyber crime threat

Digitalization and automation brings many amazing things; games, social media, navigation. However, it also makes us more vulnerable. The facelessness of cyber space and the emancipation of place makes it hard to grasp. Additionally, our personal data becomes more valuable and thereby more lucrative to criminalize. The combination of these...

Is it OK to be an Anonymous?

Do the deviant acts carried out by the collective known as Anonymous qualify as vigilante activity, and if so, can they be justified? Addressing this question helps expose the difficulties of morally evaluating technologically enabled deviance. Anonymous is a complex, fluid actor but not as mysterious as popularly portrayed. Under a definition...

Restoring Responsibility: Promoting Justice, Therapy and Reform Through Direct Brain Interventions

Direct brain intervention based mental capacity restoration techniques—for instance, psycho-active drugs—are sometimes used in criminal cases to promote the aims of justice. For instance, they might be used to restore a person’s competence to stand trial in order to assess the degree of their responsibility for what they did, or to restore their...