Ageing coefficient of fly ash concrete

The time dependency of the chloride diffusion coefficient, the so-called ageing coefficient, of fly ash concrete has been investigated. The effect of origin of the fly ash as well as the origin and strength level of the cement combined with the fly ash, has been determined. Results obtained using the RCM-method on samples aged up to 5 years...

Real-time chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete using embedded resistivity sensors

Service life of concrete infrastructure is severely compromised because of chloride-induced corrosion and measuring the chloride content is crucial to determine the remaining service life. DuraCrete provides a chloride ingress model based on Fick’s 2nd law. Although the diffusion coefficient is modelled as a time-dependent variable, the...

Assessment of freeze-thaw resistance of cement based concrete with ground glass – pozzolan through X-ray microtomography

Over the last few years, the United States has experienced a shortage of fly ash and slag that consequently created a need for an alternative material that is locally available, sustainable, and provides desirable concrete properties. Recent studies have shown that Ground Glass Pozzolan (GGP) offers favorable attributes as a supplementary...

Application of ultra-fine fly ash as cement replacement for sustainable concrete with optimal packing design

In the present study, a proprietary 0.2 tonne/h Dusty Cloud Separation (DCS) technology prototype by Value Ash Technologies NV (Belgium) was used to obtain ultra-fine fly ash as a novel by-product. Two types of Class F fly ash were used: separated fly ash (FA1) with particle size < 9.3 μm and ultra-fine fly ash (FA2) < 4.6 μm as sub-fraction of...

Compressive strength and chloride ion permeation resistance of mortar containing clinker with different mineral composition as an aggregate

The purpose of this study is to clarify the performance of cement hardenings containing clinkers which are utilized as aggregate by evaluating the compressive strength and chloride ion penetration resistance of the mortars. Here, the fine aggregate used in this study were the ordinary Portland cement clinker and the clinker with more waste as an...

Real-Time Insight in Geotechnical Risks: Monitoring during the Observational Method

Designing challenges engineers to develop both economically attractive and safe designs. This might seem a paradox, but with the application of the observational method, wherein safety is checked by real-time monitoring, economic design and safety are united. The observational method is recently successfully applied in the Netherlands during the...

Observational Method, Case A2 Maastricht

The A2 tunnel in Maastricht has been built within a dry building pit with a maximum depth of 22 meters with sheet pile walls, suspended in a cement bentonite trench supported by struts at 2 to 4 levels. Dewatering is done by deepwells. The excavation reaches into Limestone layers so the maximum mobilized passive resistance of the sheet pile wall...

Comparison of Methods for Reliability Calibration of Partial Resistance Factors for Pile Foundations

Uncertainties are a hall mark of engineering design leading to the development of risk and reliability informed basis for decision making. Accordingly three different but related levels of approach, namely a risk based, a reliability based and a semi-probabilistic approach have been proposed in ISO 2394. However, for code development the semi...

Influence of Model Accuracy on Load and Resistance Factor Calibration of Steel Strip Walls

This study examines the load and resistance factor design calibration for the ultimate pullout limit state for steel strip reinforced soil walls (SSWs). The tensile loads and pullout capacities of reinforcement strips that were measured during full-scale tests are compared with predicted (nominal) values using analytical models recommended by...

Reliability Analysis of Shaft Resistance of Axially Loaded Bored Piles

As part of Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) implementation effort in Korea, reliability levels for side resistance of bored piles socketed in weak rock were evaluated by using bi-directional pile load test results. Bi-directional pile load tests are widely used to predict the load–settlement behavior of large-diameter bored piles. A...

Postponing crack nucleation in supersaturated xxxx aluminium alloys

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Life extension in protective coatings via self-healing technology

As the field of self-healing materials continues to grow, novel self-healing concepts and chemistries are being developed for a variety of applications including coatings. Self-healing functionality is typically considered for incorporation in coatings to solve two basic challenges including restoration of aesthetic properties and restoration of...

Social and material appropriation of neighborhood space: Collective space and resistance in a Dutch urban community

Workshop 3. Session 3.1: Privacy and public life