Reuse of scrap wood: in a building product

Climate is changing. The average temperature on earth is rising due to excessive emissions of greenhouse gasses such as CO2. In the meantime the economy is a linear economy where a produced from exhaustive materials are consumed and turned into waste. In order to fight climate change and exhaust the earth less the greenhouse gas emissions need...

Microwave heating mechanism and Self-healing performance of scrap tire pyrolysis carbon black modified bitumen

Conventional asphalt mixture has poor microwave absorbing performance and microwave heating efficiency. Based on the characteristics of dielectric loss of scrap tire pyrolysis carbon black (PCB), it is proposed to improve the microwave absorbing performance and self-healing rate of bitumen. The phase composition and electromagnetic parameters...

Granular Flow Modeling of Galvanized Steel Scrap Injection into the HIsarna Iron-Making Reactor

Galvanized steel scrap flow and injection into the HIsarna reactor are investigated using discrete element method (DEM). The scrap particle is fed into the reactor through an inclined chute and hits the slag surface where the zinc content is evaporated and solid particles melt. A DEM model is setup and validated using experimental data...

International comparison of impurities mixing and accumulation in steel scrap

The accumulation of impurities in the recycling of steel impacts the quality of secondary steel. Understanding impurity levels is crucial in the context of the proliferation of circular economy policies, expected high recycling rates, and growth of scrap consumption. By assuming the accumulation of impurities to be equal worldwide, the...

Experimental and Discrete Element Method Analysis of Galvanized Steel Scrap Particles Along and After an Inclined Chute

HIsarna is a novel ironmaking process with great raw materials versatility that is attractive for various secondary resources. Among the materials that can be recycled, there is steel scrap which is fed to the furnace bath through an inclined chute. The velocity distribution of the scrap particles along the chute affects the particles’...

Passive scrap singulation for demand-driven sorting

Aluminium is a vital component of the world's economy, thanks to its versatile applications. However, the environmental impacts of primary production result in a growing desire and societal pressure to develop more efficient recycling techniques. Secondary aluminium is produced at 5% of the energy consumption used to produce primary aluminium....

Characterization of bitumen modified with pyrolytic carbon black from scrap tires

Pyrolytic carbon black (CB _p ) from scrap tire pyrolysis is a potential modifier for the bitumen industry. Binders containing different contents of CB _p were prepared and experimentally investigated to examine the effects of CB _p on the electrical and thermal conductivity, conventional physical properties,...

Strategic guidance based on the concept of cleaner production to improve the ship recycling industry

The implementation of international ship recycling regulations and international standards of health, safety and environment on a ship recycling yard improves environmental protection, occupational health and safety of the workers. However, it results in increased costs of the ship recycling process, which is detrimental for offering a high...

Shipping and shipbuilding scenario evaluations through integration of maritime and macroeconomic models

This research focusses on the use of consistent scenarios to help ship owners, banks and other parties with an interest the maritime business get a better grip on the future. Three levels of detail can be distinguished for the maritime industry. The macroeconomic level is the highest and focusses on the behaviour of countries and the trade...

Purification of post-consumer steel crap

Post-consumer steel scrap is often hand picked for contaminants such as copper to meet specifications of steelmakers. If the hand sorting capacity exceeds 20 tons scrap/h the efficiency generally becomes problematic, leaving 50% of the copper contaminants in the steel product. In response, new technologies are emerging that facilitate hand...

Modelling the Melting of Post-consumer Scrap within a Rotary Melting Furnace for Aluminium Recycling

The Investigation of Separability of Particles Smaller Than 5mm by Eddy-Current Separation Technology - Part II: Novel Design Concepts

Separability and separation mechanisms of small particles in modern rotating type eddycurrent separators (ECSs) were discussed in Part I. In order to address problems associated with this design concept, a number of novel ECSs, each with a unique design, have been developed. Part II reports on investigation into the separability and separation...

The Investigation of Separability of Particles Smaller Than 5 mm by Eddy Current Separation Technology. Part I: Rotating Type Eddy Current Separators

Owing to the growing emergence of the end-of-life electrical and electronic products with complex material structures and an ever-diminishing particle size of the valuable metals involved, development of eddy current separators (ECS) has been targeting selective separation of small non-ferrous metal particles smaller than 5 mm. Separability of...