Seismic acquisition analysis and design using multiple reflections

Seismic survey design deals with determining the acquisition parameters that lead to the best possible imaging and characterization of the subsurface. The design of the survey is constrained by health, safety and environmental considerations and the available budget, seeking for a balance between quality and cost. Because seismic exploration is...

Focal deblending: Marine data processing experiences

In contrast to conventional acquisition practices, simultaneous source acquisition allows for overlapping wavefields to be recorded. Relaxing the shot schedule in this manner has certain advantages, such as allowing for faster acquisition and/or denser shot sampling. This flexibility usually comes at the cost of an extra step in the...

Shot repetition: An alternative seismic blending code in marine acquisition

In blended seismic acquisition, or simultaneous source seismic acquisition, source encoding is essential at the acquisition stage to allow for separation of the blended sources at the processing stage. In land seismic surveys, the vibroseis sources may be encoded with near-orthogonal sweeps for blending. In marine seismic surveys, the sweep...

3-D seismic acquisition geometry design and analysis: Investigation of the requirements to include illumination from all multiples

A seismic survey should be designed such that imaging of the acquired data leads to a sufficiently accurate subsurface image. For that purpose, methods for acquisition geometry analysis and design are available. These methods are used to judge whether an acquisition geometry is suited for the specified objectives. Conventional 2D and 3D...

Seismic Deblending By Shot Repetition

Blended acquisition, or simultaneous source acquisition, is a relatively new seismic acquisition design that allows shot interference. Deblending is the procedure that separates the interfering shots as if they were acquired conventionally. This thesis reviews one of the more advanced deblending algorithms in great detail, and demonstrates that...

Space-varying FIR filter design for nonuniformly sampled seismic data

Since the early days of exploration seismology seismic receiver field arrays have been employed for purposes such as suppressing high wavenumbers present in wavefield, reducing the volume of recorded data and improving its signal-to-noise ratio. These receiver field arrays rely on the receivers being placed on a predetermined geometric layout, a...

Land seismic data acquisition and preprocessing: An operator solution to the near-surface problem

Complexities of the near surface and the varying acquisition-surface topography have degrading effects on land seismic images. This is because of trapped Rayleigh waves in the near-surface, and the distortions occurring to the body waves while passing through the complex near-surface. Removal of these two effects depends on the acquisition...