Earthquake-faulting-related deformation in soil evidenced in S-wave shallow reflection data: Field results from Portugal

Expressions of ductile, soft-sediment deformations induced by ground movements due to past earthquakes are difficult to recognize in near-surface soils. We have carried out shallow S-wave reflection studies in a seismically active area located northeast of metropolitan Lisbon, Portugal. Identifying shallow disturbed zones and hidden fault...

Characterization of a heterogeneous landfill using seismic and electrical resistivity data

Understanding the processes occurring inside a landfill is important for improving the treatment of landfills. Irrigation and recirculation of leachate are widely used in landfill treatments. Increasing the efficiency of such treatments requires a detailed understanding of the flow inside the landfill. The flow depends largely on the...

Imaging scatterers in landfills using seismic interferometry

A significant problem with landfills is their aftercare period. A landfill is considered to be safe for the environment only after a relatively long period of time. Until it reaches such a condition, it has to be periodically treated. Not only are treatments very expensive, but they could be dangerous as well; for example, when barriers limiting...

Nongeometrically converted shear waves in marine streamer data

Under certain circumstances, marine streamer data contain nongeometrical shear body wave arrivals that can be used for imaging. These shear waves are generated via an evanescent compressional wave in the water and convert to propagating shear waves at the water bottom. They are called “nongeometrical” because the evanescent part in the water...