Investigating the Response of Vegetation to Flash Droughts by Using Cross-Spectral Analysis and an Evapotranspiration-Based Drought Index

Flash droughts tend to cause severe damage to agriculture due to their characteristics of sudden onset and rapid intensification. Early detection of the response of vegetation to flash droughts is of utmost importance in mitigating the effects of flash droughts, as it can provide a scientific basis for establishing an early warning system....

Wave Loads on Emerged Breakwater Crown Walls, a Physical Model Study

In this study loading characteristics of rubble mound breakwater crown walls are investigated. This is done using a 2D physical model, testing for overall stability (through sliding) and temporal & spatial distributions of pressure along the face and base of the crown wall. A variety of wave conditions and geometries is used, with special...

Investigation of crown wall stability on top of rubble mound structures with OpenFOAM®

In the present study the stability of crown wall elements on top of a rubble mound breakwaters is investigated. The first step was conducting a literature review, in order to identify knowledge gaps. It was found that current design methods do not take the freeboard of the crown wall into account when calculating the vertical force acting on it....

Measuring Central and Eastern Europe’s Socio-Economic Development Using Time Lags

This paper applies the ‘time lag’ method to a set of social and economic indicators, examining the development of Central and Eastern Europe since the first world war. Originally used to assess technology diffusion, this method allows comparison of levels of development between states and through a long period of time. It presents how many years...

De regeling van het Mach getal in de hoge snelheids tunnel van het NLR

The High Speed wind Tunnel (HST) of the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR is one of the major transonic windtunnels and is used for aerodynamic research on scale models. The measurements require the control of the Mach number. Two kinds of controller tasks can be distinguished: keeping the Mach number constant, and realizing a different Mach...

A study on focusing in telescience using the TELEPODI breadboard

Microgravity experiments operated using telescience concepts face certain constraints. The effect of these constraints on the focusing task are identified. Four types of focusing strategy, which provide a natural means of focusing in the presence of these constraints, are described. Three specific strategies are implemented as part of the...

A simple and low cost system to measure delay times in pneumatic systems

It is often necessary to correct for delay times in the units of a measurement channel, especially in the case of flight tests. In a pressure measurement channel the sensing orifice is connected to the transducer by a pressure line which may be several meters in length. In this case the pneumatic delay time might well be the major contribution...

Control loops with human operators in space operations: part II: robotics operations and manual control experiment

In the study "Control loops with human operators" this volume is concerned with the robot arm case. Servicing of satellites and assembly of space structures require robotic operations. These operations are controlled from the ground by human operators. Five operational modes for the combined space- and ground segment are defined: - high level...

Control loops with human operators in space operations: part III: rendezvous and docking operations and model analysis of performance with human-in-the-loop

This report presents the results of an illustrative analysis of human-in-the-loop rendezvous and docking (RVD) performance, for the purpose of demonstrating the practicality of applying human engineering methods and techniques, introduced in Part I of this project, to the analysis of control loops with human operators in space operations....