Is that My Heartbeat? Measuring and Understanding Modality-Dependent Cardiac Interoception in Virtual Reality

Measuring interoception ('perceiving internal bodily states') has diagnostic and wellbeing implications. Since heartbeats are distinct and frequent, various methods aim at measuring cardiac interoceptive accuracy (CIAcc). However, the role of exteroceptive modalities for representing heart rate (HR) across screen-based and Virtual Reality (VR...

Virtual bystanders in a language lesson: Examining the effect of social evaluation, vicarious experience, cognitive consistency and praising on students' beliefs, self-efficacy and anxiety in a virtual reality environment

Bystanders in a real world's social setting have the ability to influence people’s beliefs and behavior. This study examines whether this effect can be recreated in a virtual environment, by exposing people to virtual bystanders in a classroom setting. Participants (n = 26) first witnessed virtual students answering questions from an English...

3D Audio for Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) is an effective method to treat anxiety disorders and comes with many advantages over exposure in vivo, the latter being exposure in real-life. VRET is done by exposing patients gradually with their fear by using immersive virtual environments (VEs). Most attention in VRET research goes to visuals and less...