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A.C.M. Wubbels

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Reframing transportation nodes as community-based public spaces

Master thesis (2026) - A.C.M. Wubbels, R. Cavallo, J.A. Kuijper
Contemporary station areas are shaped by mobility efficiency, accessibility
and densification. Within the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) strategy,
transportation nodes are primarily approached as infrastructural and economic
catalysts. By doing so, their role as socially integrated public spaces often
remains underdeveloped. As a result, station environments frequently function
as a space of movement rather than a place that supports everyday community
life and social interaction.
This research investigates how areas around public transportation nodes can
be transformed into community-based public spaces that support social
interaction while accommodating mobility flows. The research introduces
Community Based - Transit Development (CB-TD) as an alternative approach
to the conventional TOD. It focuses on the relationship between movement,
staying and everyday use. Through literature research, precedent studies and
a comparative station analysis of six stations along Metro line 11 in Madrid,
the research examines how increasing the mobility intensity affects spatial
conditions for social interaction.
The analysis reveals that community anchors such as schools, parks and
local amenities are present in the area, but remain structurally disconnected
from the mobility cores. Rather than density, the lack of integration between
movement space and lived public space weakens the opportunity for informal
encounters and community engagement. Based on these findings, a set of
design principles is developed and applied to Commillas in Madrid. The project
shows how mobility infrastructure can be interconnected within community
life to create a more socially sustainable environment. ...
Student report (2025) - A.C.M. Wubbels, A. Broekhuizen
This thesis researches how cultural functions contributed to the social and cultural recovery of Rotterdam during the post-war reconstruction period. For this research, concert hall de Doelen in Rotterdam is used as a case study. After the bombing in 1940, the city not only faced the challenge of rebuilding its physical structures but also had to reconstruct its social and cultural identity. De Doelen, which was originally destroyed in the bombing, became a symbol of resilience and a key player in the redefinition of Rotterdam’s cultural fabric.

De Doelen’s design was intended to be open, accessible, and inviting to the visitors. It reflects the post-war ambition of making culture available to everyone. Although the original plan included a multifunctional cultural and commercial center known as the “Rockefeller Center,” financial constraints forced the city to scale down. Still, the building became a central space for social interaction.

The support of councilor N. Zeelenberg was significant this process. Her focus on accessibility and inclusion ensured that De Doelen was not just a concert hall but a building for all citizens. The final design supported urban recovery by fostering public gathering and strengthening social bonds.

This thesis shows how De Doelen contributed to rebuilding the cultural fabric of the city. It demonstrates how cultural buildings can support recovery and the development of a new identity after destruction. ...