Peat subsidence occurs when parts of the peat soil interact with air, usually due to water table lowering, then triggers peat consolidation, shrinkage, and oxidation, releasing substantial CO₂ emissions. Managing and mitigating these impacts requires a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and the spatio-temporal variations of the subsidence. Advanced space geodetic techniques, particularly InSAR, enable surface displacement monitoring. While time series InSAR analysis effectively estimates displacement, its precision, accuracy, and representativity are compromised by temporal decorrelation, noise, and dynamic soil movement, especially over pastures on peat soils. Moreover, loss-of-lock events caused by an irrecoverable loss of coherence disrupt the time series and introduce arbitrary unintelligible phase offsets. Strategies such as multilooking using contextual information have improved the reliability of the InSAR displacement estimates. However, more experience in the efficacy of InSAR-based surface dynamics assessments is required. This study estimates and analyzes surface motion in a regional peat area in Midden-Delfland, The Netherlands, using Sentinel-1 data and the SPAMS model. SPAMS incorporates precipitation and evapotranspiration information to estimate surface motion parameters, distinguishing between reversible and irreversible subsidence. The results reveal an average subsidence rate of −5.4±0.7 mm/year within the study area. Irreversible subsidence is strongly correlated with climatic conditions, with the most significant subsidence observed during a prolonged dry period in the summers of 2018 and 2022. Mitigating peatland subsidence includes preserving soil water content, especially during dry periods. Integrating InSAR and SPAMS provides a valuable tool for monitoring peat surface elevation, water management, and reducing peatland degradation.

The repeat period of SAR data and its side-looking characteristics make InSAR time series analysis useful for water level monitoring applications. The standard approach determines corresponding scatterers by focusing the study area on the multipath radar reflections that include the water level. This paper introduces an alternative approach to identifying such signals using two metrics: cosine similarity and temporal differential coherence. The results show that temporal differential coherence can detect phase variations similar to water level by constantly returning high values even when there is an offset, while cosine similarity yields low scores. Within an urban environment, this approach finds point scatterers corresponding to water level changes in or near water, such as permanent floating objects, bridges, and buildings adjacent to water, where the highest differential coherence value was acquired from a permanent floating restaurant in open water.

We present the preliminary results of an InSAR analysis of peatland surface motion covering a large spatial and temporal extent. This work is the first large scale analysis of the Dutch Green Heart region, and is made possible using a novel distributed scatter (DS) InSAR processing method. This method is designed to handle breakages in the observed interferometric phase time series which occur due to temporal decorrelation, which we designate with the term loss-of-lock.