The project is about the reverse of risks from changing climate and transitional energy system into opportunities to become evolutionary resilient cities.
Climate change is happening globally and is becoming more and more serious now. The temperature rise, sea-level rise, land shifting, precipitation pattern change, extreme weather increase the potentiality of risks like coastal flooding, pluvial flooding, landslide, snow slide and so on. To mitigate the climate change, energy transition is put forward which is the most effective way to control greenhouse emission. But this kind of measure requires the change of energy system also including social, economic and spatial alteration, especially the country like Norway who benefits from the petroleum sectors since the years of history. The combination of climate change and transitional energy system will threaten the whole urban systems and the people will finally become the victims.
On the other side, considering the main climatic change and geographical condition of Norway, more water from sea, river and sky brings the opportunity to accelerate energy transition. Therefore, in this project energy sector in transition is utilized as the tool to explore how to diminish the impact of climate change, meanwhile to reduce the vulnerability of urban systems and even convert the risks into opportunity of evolutionary resilience. The transitional process is proposed towards 2050. ... Read more

For practical application of lithium-oxygen batteries, one of the challenges is the development of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in cathode. In this work, perovskite Sr _0.9 Y _0.1 CoO _3-δ nanorods are synthesized by an electrospinning method. The performance of the Li-O ₂ cell with Sr _0.9 Y _0.1 CoO _3-δ catalysts is better than that of the cell only with Super-P. Furthermore, modification of CoO nanoparticles on the cathode can provide an obviously improved electrochemical performance with a reduced voltage gap (∼80-140 mV), which is ascribed to the superior catalytic activity of CoO nanoparticles toward OER. All of these results demonstrate that the perovskite Sr _0.9 Y _0.1 CoO _3-δ is an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for lithium-oxygen batteries, and the incorporation of CoO nanoparticles is an effective approach for improving the cathode performance as well. ... Read more