The transition to a circular economy is essential in the building sector, where façades account for a significant portion of material use. Current unitized façade systems are optimized for performance but not designed for future disassembly or reuse. This research explores how façade systems can be redesigned to increase their reclamation potential, using a practical, design-based approach in collaboration with Scheldebouw, a Dutch façade manufacturer.
A literature review outlines circular design principles, with a focus on Design for Disassembly, connection techniques, and methods to evaluate disassembly potential. A case study of an existing façade element is used to identify key barriers through system analysis, factory observations, and disassembly experiments.
Multiple redesigns are developed: a modular “carrier frame” that simplifies the removal of insulating glass units (IGUs), and a screw-based thermal break connection that enables partial disassembly of aluminum profiles. These innovations aim to improve adaptability and support future reuse. The proposed designs are evaluated against existing systems in terms of thermal and disassembly potential using MOST and eDim. Results showed a significant improvement in both disassembly potential and thermal performance of the new system.