The paper provides a deeper understanding of the Atrium from Roman antiquity and 20th century German Architecture. At first, starting with the writings of Vitruvius and the functional and social role of the Roman Domus. Then, continuing with the modern Atrium in the 20th century, with their new concept. Lastly, drawing attention to the Atrium designed by Heinz Bienefeld and his idea of using ancient concepts and combining them with a modern design. By comparing the ancient and modern Atrium concepts, this research is going to highlight the timelessness of this typology and, of course, its change of use throughout the different time periods.