The Earth has been used as a shelter in ancient times as one of humankind’s first inhabitation methods, as these natural cavities are known for their safety and climate stability. Today, beneath the modern cities, under the buildings and streets, a complex network of spaces, pipes, tunnels, and pillars hold the cities together while keeping them alive. While our modern cities above the ground keep evolving, the underground cities become more complex and denser. Unfortunately, the underground spaces belonging to the first and second world wars, like bunkers and air-raid shelters, are mostly neglected and forgotten from further development, which excludes the underground cities and spaces in particular out of the perception and thus the memory of the inhabitants. This paper will first create a general understanding of perception and create an individual memory in the underground spaces. Then it will investigate the collective memory as a fundamental part of the underground structures. Finally, a theoretical framework will be developed and discussed to establish a new collective memory by creating a counter-memory through spatial architectural experience.