A fault current limiter (FCL) is an effective means of limiting fault currents that is a promising power system protection solution. This paper presents a comparative survey of research activities and emerging technologies of FCL and discusses in detail the features of an inductive FCL. Inductive FCLs possess superior performance and higher speed of operation in comparison with other FCLs. The magnetic structure of an inductive FCL is instrumental to superior performance. The review study discusses the feasibility and effectiveness of the magnetic flux based FCLs. In addition, the magnetic behavior of FCLs is discussed considering the analytical study of their equivalent circuits. Moreover, a comprehensive comparative study of inductive FCLs is presented based on their technical operational characteristics.@en

This paper proposes a novel bridge-type solid-state fault current limiter (BSSFCL) based on one series reactor which operates in ac and dc modes. The proposed BSSFCL includes a rectifier bridge with a reactor. This reactor is used as a dc reactor in normal operation mode and as an ac reactor in fault conditions. The advantages of the proposed BSSFCL over the existing dc reactor-type FCLs are its negligible impedance in normal operation mode and its high impedance during a fault interval using simple and novel switching. In other words, during the normal operation mode, the proposed BSSFCL operates in dc mode and in the fault interval, its topology is changed to the ac mode. This switching decreases the switching transient recovery voltage and introduces considerable impedance during the fault period. MATLAB/Simulink software is used for simulations and a prototype is designed and tested for results verification, and to show the performance of the proposed BSSFCL.@en

In this paper, a novel solid-state fault current-limiting circuit breaker (SSFCLCB) based on a series resonance LC tank is proposed. Since the series configuration of the resonance structure (a capacitor and a reactor) of the SSFCLCB is invisible during normal operation mode, it shows negligible impedance in the line. In fault conditions, the SSFCLCB topology changes to a rectifier bridge and feeds the resonance structure with rectified ac voltage. With the rectified voltage, the series capacitor is charged and, as a result, the faulty line is opened and the fault current is seized. Hence, the suggested SSFCLCB cannot only limit the fault current but can also open the faulty line and acts as a circuit breaker. For confirmation of these aspects, simulations are performed using MATLAB software. Also, a prototype structure is designed and built for results confirmation. This experimental setup is established to prove that SSFCLCB has excellent performance in its startup, normal operation, and current-limiting/breaking conditions. The results show that the SSFCLCB has the ability to improve distribution network reliability and it can decrease the network fault current level successfully.@en

In this paper, a frequency-based analytical approach for dynamic analyzing of unbalanced three-phase systems in the presence of harmonic distortion using sequence domain is put forward. As will be shown, classical symmetrical components proposed by Fortescue is not applicable under nonsinusoidal periodic condition. In such cases, generalized symmetrical components proposed by Tenti et al. can be used to calculate sequences from phase domain values. However, it introduces a new sequence component called residual component, which has a different value for each phase and cannot be directly obtained based on sequence networks. To such aim, using dynamic harmonic domain, an approach that makes it possible to use features of classical symmetrical components and modify the outputs to compute sequences based on the concept of generalized symmetrical components is proposed. Moreover, it is shown that using equivalent circuit for triplen harmonics is essential to find a relation between residual components since if sequences are connected in parallel, it is not possible to modify results of classical symmetrical components and this equivalent circuit should be directly analyzed. Time domain software is used to perform conventional lumped circuit simulation and validate the time domain responses resulted from DHD.@en

This paper proposes a novel Fault Current Limiter (FCL) for the application on power systems to control voltage sags at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) during faults. This new FCL is a resonance transformer, whose primary side is connected to a series capacitor and transmission line. Also, the secondary side of the transformer is switched by a semiconductor device to change the impedance of the primary side of the transformer. The main control component is a fast-closing switch connected in parallel with the secondary side of the transformer, which is driven by the power electronic switch. It can respond within 1 msec. When a fault occurs, the switch closes and bypasses the transformer secondary side and fault current is limited by the reactor. So, by increasing the existing resonant frequency, the fault current is limited. The simulated and experimental results show that it is feasible to develop the FCL with low cost and high reliability. The experimental results show the capability of the proposed FCL, too.@en