The fresh superfine-tailings cemented paste backfill (SCPB) exhibits strong thixotropy, but quantification of the resulting transient flow (non-steady state) and time-dependent yield stress is lacking. In this study, a simple qualitative model was developed to describe the transient flow and time-dependent yield stress of SCPB. The effect of pre-shear time on the rheological behavior of SCPB was investigated. In addition, the adaptability of conventional non-Newtonian rheological models to SCPB was also evaluated. The results showed the Herschel-Bulkley model provides the most stable dynamic yield stress estimation of SCPB compared to the Bingham and modified Bingham models. A longer pre-shear time (within 500 s) led to smaller initial static yield stress and delayed recovery kinetics of static yield stress, but hardly affected the steady state of SCPB and the time required to reach it. The proposed model provides a good quantification of the transient flow at a given shear rate and time-dependent yield stress of SCPB.