The anticipated growth in air traffic is expected to increase demand on air traffic control capacity beyond its current limits, motivating the development of autonomous conflict detection and resolution (CD\&R) methods for self-separating airspace. While both state-based and intent-based conflict resolution methods have been studied extensively, a direct comparison between the two approaches under identical conditions is lacking. This paper addresses that gap by comparing the intent-based A3 CD\&R model to the state-based Modified Voltage Potential (MVP) resolution method. Performance is evaluated through verification scenarios and random traffic simulations at three density levels, using simulations in the BlueSky ATM simulator. Results show that the A3 method achieves substantially fewer conflicts and losses of separation than MVP across all density levels, with a markedly lower domino effect parameter indicating better airspace stability. However, when losses of separation do occur under the A3 model, the intrusions are larger than those observed with MVP. Regarding efficiency, MVP incurs large flight time increase due to speed-based resolutions, whereas the A3 model resolutions result in minimal flight time increases at the cost of larger route deviations. These findings demonstrate that intent information provides meaningful advantages for conflict resolution performance.