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K.N. van der Werff
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2 records found
1
Image Reconstruction for Multicoil Low-field MRI
Reconstructing MR images based on incomplete multicoil data and object support information
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive, non-ionizing imaging modality that is commonly used in the clinic today. However, it is an expensive technique. The high purchase, operational and maintenance costs, as well as the need for trained staff with technical expertise, put this technique out of reach for a large part of the world population. To combat this, low-cost MRI systems are being developed. The use of lower magnetic fields allows for reductions in cost and size, increasing the accessibility and portability of the device in developing countries. Nevertheless, the signal-to-noise ratio is proportional to the magnetic field, and so low-field MR images are of a significantly lower quality. As such, a reconstruction algorithm is necessary in order to denoise the image, while preserving the details. Besides the cost, MRI is a relatively slow modality, leading to decreased patient comfort and increased chance of motion artifacts. The data acquisitions can be sped up through Parallel Imaging, which requires the use of a receiver coil array rather than a single RF coil. This leads to incomplete data as well as spatial variations in the coil sensitivity profiles that must be accounted for. Furthermore, while the Field-of-View of the image is generally larger than the spatial support of the object, information on this support is not used in MR image reconstructions. In this work, a reconstruction algorithm is developed to reconstruct MR images using incomplete multicoil data and spatial support information in a low-field setting. This algorithm is based on the single coil algorithm of De Leeuw Den Bouter et al. (2021), which will be extended to the multicoil case using the Contrast Source Inversion method. Three adaptations of the algorithm have been considered. Their performance is characterized in terms of denoising ability, edge-preservation and execution time, using both simulated and real low-field data. A mask S is introduced to include information on the spatial support. The use of this mask is shown to have a positive effect on the quality of the reconstruction, improving the preservation of edges and details. Furthermore, a mask R is introduced to deal with incomplete data in case of accelerated acquisitions. In conjuction with a Parallel Imaging technique, the reconstruction algorithm can yield de-aliased and denoised reconstructions, combatting the inherent drop in SNR caused by the acceleration. Chances for improving the algorithms remain, for instance by the exploring the possibilities for a multiplicative implementation of the Total Generalized Variation regularization term, as well as the automatic detection of the spatial support and the inclusion of compressed sensing.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive, non-ionizing imaging modality that is commonly used in the clinic today. However, it is an expensive technique. The high purchase, operational and maintenance costs, as well as the need for trained staff with technical expertise, put this technique out of reach for a large part of the world population. To combat this, low-cost MRI systems are being developed. The use of lower magnetic fields allows for reductions in cost and size, increasing the accessibility and portability of the device in developing countries. Nevertheless, the signal-to-noise ratio is proportional to the magnetic field, and so low-field MR images are of a significantly lower quality. As such, a reconstruction algorithm is necessary in order to denoise the image, while preserving the details. Besides the cost, MRI is a relatively slow modality, leading to decreased patient comfort and increased chance of motion artifacts. The data acquisitions can be sped up through Parallel Imaging, which requires the use of a receiver coil array rather than a single RF coil. This leads to incomplete data as well as spatial variations in the coil sensitivity profiles that must be accounted for. Furthermore, while the Field-of-View of the image is generally larger than the spatial support of the object, information on this support is not used in MR image reconstructions. In this work, a reconstruction algorithm is developed to reconstruct MR images using incomplete multicoil data and spatial support information in a low-field setting. This algorithm is based on the single coil algorithm of De Leeuw Den Bouter et al. (2021), which will be extended to the multicoil case using the Contrast Source Inversion method. Three adaptations of the algorithm have been considered. Their performance is characterized in terms of denoising ability, edge-preservation and execution time, using both simulated and real low-field data. A mask S is introduced to include information on the spatial support. The use of this mask is shown to have a positive effect on the quality of the reconstruction, improving the preservation of edges and details. Furthermore, a mask R is introduced to deal with incomplete data in case of accelerated acquisitions. In conjuction with a Parallel Imaging technique, the reconstruction algorithm can yield de-aliased and denoised reconstructions, combatting the inherent drop in SNR caused by the acceleration. Chances for improving the algorithms remain, for instance by the exploring the possibilities for a multiplicative implementation of the Total Generalized Variation regularization term, as well as the automatic detection of the spatial support and the inclusion of compressed sensing.
Instrumented Sled for Skeleton
Focusing on power management and the sensors for localisation, velocity and temperature
There is only a very limited number of moments a skeleton athlete can train at a skeleton track. Therefore, it is important to train as efficiently as possible. To do so, an instrumented skeleton sled is designed that provides useful feedback. This instrumented sled is able to monitor the force exerted on the sled by the athlete and link this to the position and speed. Also, the ice temperature of the track as well as the G-forces acting on the sled are measured. This report covers the design and implementation of the temperature sensor, the power system, the PCB and the system to determine the location and velocity of the athlete which is necessary for the instrumented sled.
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There is only a very limited number of moments a skeleton athlete can train at a skeleton track. Therefore, it is important to train as efficiently as possible. To do so, an instrumented skeleton sled is designed that provides useful feedback. This instrumented sled is able to monitor the force exerted on the sled by the athlete and link this to the position and speed. Also, the ice temperature of the track as well as the G-forces acting on the sled are measured. This report covers the design and implementation of the temperature sensor, the power system, the PCB and the system to determine the location and velocity of the athlete which is necessary for the instrumented sled.