The sudden adoption of working from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 pandemic has required the reconfiguration of home spaces to fit space for remote work into existing spaces already filled with other domestic functions. This resulted in blurring of home and work boundaries, the potential lack of space for telecommuting from home, and telecommuters’ feelings of crowding. Numerous studies have shown the negative effects of crowding feelings on workers’ responses. This study focused on the issue of crowding in the residential workspace. An online survey was conducted to investigate how features of the home workspace correlate with telecommuters’ feelings of crowding and how these feelings affect satisfaction, health, and productivity. As a result, we found that various environmental features of home workspaces (e.g., house size, purpose of workspace, accessible balcony, lighting, noise, etc.), as well as psychological aspects (e.g., individual control over space use), had significant effects on telecommuters’ feelings of crowdedness. It was also found that feelings of crowding in the WFH environment can directly and indirectly affect teleworkers’ satisfaction with work environments, well-being, and work performance. Based on the results, we offered various potential ways to alleviate overcrowding issues in the WFH context.@en

Data on the decision-making process of residential burglars at the micro-level are scarce. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, none of the related studies have investigated multiple relationships between the design features of a target, a burglar’s assessment of effort and risk involved in the crime, and the final decision on target selection. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that a burglar’s judgment of how difficult (ease of intrusion) and how risky (risk of detection) it would be to break into a certain target may mediate the relationship between the target’s design features and target selection. The experiment using virtual reality was conducted to obtain more credible data by maximizing the immersion of participants, and the collected data were analyzed using path analysis. The results showed that the assessment of ease of intrusion and risk of detection for a burglary target served as mediators between the design features of the target and the decision on target selection. This study also found that the ease of intrusion and risk of detection were not evaluated independently but instead had influential relationships. These results suggest that when developing design strategies for burglary prevention, it is important to check the overall level of ease and risk of the possible intrusion routes of a target and their correlation by considering various environmental factors around the intrusion routes.

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This study was conducted to examine the advantages and possibilities of VR as a research method for residential burglary-related studies by comparing two different experimental tools, image and VR. A hypothetical situation of a motivated burglar looking for an appropriate criminal target within a typical detached house block in the suburbs was set up to investigate which architectural design variables the participants used as clues for decision-making. As a result of comparing the image and VR, there was a meaningful difference between the two test results. The same results were obtained from the variables related to the ease of intrusion, while variables related to the risk of detection were only significant in the VR experiment. In addition, it was revealed that the participants made decisions based on more specific judgments and comprehensively considered various environmental conditions in the VR experiment. This confirmed the advantages of VR as an experimental tool for investigating the residential burglars' target selection. Also, VR is expected to be utilized as a new experimental tool, especially in the field of environmental behavior that investigates human behavior in a specific space with various environmental variables.@en

This study explores environmental factors influencing fear of crime in commercial streets, and proposes design strategies to alleviate it. The environmental factors were derived by analyzing previous studies, and the degree of fear (that changes according to the various planning levels of each environmental factor) was investigated through a questionnaire. The survey also examined which design strategies should be considered important in order to reduce the fear of crime in commercial streets. The results showed that the fear of crime is greatly influenced by the surveillance from the inside of a store, along with the range of vision in the general street space. It was also confirmed that, in order to alleviate the fear of crime in commercial streets, it is important to consider securing sufficient illumination in the street space, while preparing an effective maintenance plan for streetlights. Strengthening surveillance through CCTV installation and ensuring the forward visibility were also revealed to be significant strategies. The result of this study is expected to provide useful information to establish design and maintenance plans for safe streets in commercial areas.@en

This research aims to find planning issues on reuse of an industrial heritage as a cultural cluster and to suggest planning factors which can be referred when designing the similar cases. Analysis standards were formed through reviewing of precedent literatures, and the selected cases(i.e Shanghai M50, Yokohama BankART1929, and Incheon ArtPlatform) were analyzed to identify both physical and nonphysical planning characteristics. By combining analyses, the following results were obtained; (1) The demand and supply of the arts coexist in one place, and the studios and galleries are designed with high ceilings; (2) The regional and historical characteristics are revealed from preserving major architectural elements of previous buildings, and open spaces are provided to promote a variety of activities for local residents; (3) Various strategies to overcome disadvantage in location are developed, and the concepts of design can be easily recognized by buildings' exterior as the reused industrial heritage and the cultural cluster; (4) Diverse supports for artists make it possible to gather many competent artists, and the cooperative networks among artists play a pivotal role in the development of cultural cluster; (5) The cluster runs educational programs reflecting the needs of local residents, and builds a strong relationship with the local community by supporting regional art industry or developing linked programs; (6) The cluster serves various functions such as cafes, pubs, restaurants, art shops, and bookstores, and hosts appealing events and festivals to attract many people even who are not interested in arts.@en

The purpose of this study is to suggest the dissemination model of Post-Occupancy Evaluation(POE) findings to improve research utilization in the design process. To identify the directions in developing the model, 42 existing POE researches were analyzed, and several problems with the ways to present POE findings were derived. Based on these problems, 4 strategies for dissemination model of POE findings were formulated: defining the basic outline, considering designers' preference for information form, connecting related information, and building the web database. The questionnaire survey on designers' perception of POE information was also conducted to assess the validity of 4 strategies and to obtain detailed ideas for the model. This study, finally, suggested specific plans for developing the model in terms of information classification system, information presentation forms, and user interface, and, in accordance with these plans, proposed the actual website model which can be utilized as POE web database.@en

The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between residents’ satisfaction for security systems and the fear of crime at each divided territory in multi-family housings, so as to investigate the direction for improving crime-safe environment. The observation survey and the questionnaire survey on residents’ satisfaction in usability and safety of the applied security systems, the fear of crime at each territory which is divided into 3 layers, and functional requirements for security systems were conducted in the 3 multi-family housings in Seoul; 2 of them applied one-pass system and 1 of them did not. The results of these survey were analysed statistically by SPSS program, and compared with the analysis of observation survey. The results of this study are as follows. First, the residents’ satisfaction for one-pass system is relatively high, but it is needed to develop proper management system to improve security efficiency. Second, in underground parking lots, it is required to increase legibility
using signboards or super graphics and to vitalize underground space through community facilities, such as fitness and community centers. Third, location, number and management issues of CCTV should be considered to elevate the effectiveness of CCTV. Finally, pilotis spaces must be designed to make up for the weak points of security systems and to increase surveillance.@en